At this point, self-closing tags are more of a visual preference, as they have a negligable effect on parsing.
In fact they can be said to have no effect on parsing HTML itself, as the only time when self-closing makes any difference is when the tag's name isn't one that HTML defines - what the spec calls "foreign elements" (e.g. inline SVG or MathML). Those will close when their tag is self-closing, but the closing behaviour of HTML tags is hardcoded in the parser.
In fact they can be said to have no effect on parsing HTML itself, as the only time when self-closing makes any difference is when the tag's name isn't one that HTML defines - what the spec calls "foreign elements" (e.g. inline SVG or MathML). Those will close when their tag is self-closing, but the closing behaviour of HTML tags is hardcoded in the parser.