Naughty Dog is the canonical example. They were founded by two ex-MIT AI Lab guys. They designed a couple of in-house languages for Crash Bandicoot, and Jak & Daxter.

In the early days of the PS2, they supposedly derived a benefit from having a higher-level language that could be compiled for any of the PS2's various processors (EE, VU0, VU1). I think that at the time, you couldn't do VU programming in C.

In the end, they had to revert to industry standard C/C++ due to hiring issues.

While their games used to be even more Scheme-based than they are now, AFAIK they do still use PLT Scheme (at least as far up as the Uncharted games, haven't read too much on the tech under The Last of Us) for the sort of traditional scripting one would use UnrealScript or QuakeC for.

PLT Scheme, or Racket as it is now known, is in use in the Last of Us: http://lists.racket-lang.org/users/archive/2013-June/058325....

A bit of insight into the use of Racket here (scroll down): http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lang.racket.devel/6915

Actually, only one was MIT AI lab. The other was an economics major at the University of Michigan. But, same result nevertheless.

Abuse [1] uses Lisp for game logic. You'd have to dive in the source code to find out more, a quick online search didn't turn out much.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuse_%28video_game%29

Some guy on /g/ is developing a scheme gamedev library. https://github.com/davexunit/guile-2d