In every system from hunter-gather society, feudalism, socialism and capitalism you need to exchange your work for the products of the work of other people. No system will give you the ability to not work and get what you want.
The capitalism is the least bad one where there the correlation between "making something that people want" to the value you can keep to feed yourself.
The conditions for retirees relative to those still working in the USSR were fairly decent (by the end). But its not exactly fair since the demographic situation there was much better than it is now in most developed countries.
And then all capitalist countries in Europe these days (which coincidentally are all capitalist) generally have similar retirement systems to the US.
Where will these resources will came from if the capitalist system is the most productive of them all? You can't redistribute something out of nothing. You need a healthy tax base to redistribute.
Childcare is just too regulated and people don't want to do it and ask for a premium on childcare.
Retirement in socialist country? Or in China before the capitalism came there? Or in a feudal society where your children where your insurance in the old age?
Why don't you ask them "where will these resources will came from"? This isn't a hypothetical we're discussing, most of Europe has protected retirement.
The original commenter was saying something more like "we will work until we die, but that's okay, because capitalism is great! And it's not like you would get to retire under any other system anyway"
Not all capitalism is equal though. The overlap between socialism and capitalism is state capitalism, and it turns out if you want affordable childcare, healthcare, utilities, public transport, etc. then state capitalism is the way to go.
Read Milton Friedman on why this won't work. If you have seen any government run organization you'll see why.
Taxes can be levied on productive businesses that are in ruthless competition in the free and international market. No productive businesses = nothing to redistribute. No international business == no imports. Everybody is poor and hungry.
There is a difference between productive business and basic infrastructure. Just look at China, they have state capitalism with free market economy according to the 60/70/80/90 rule. The state capitalism covers most basic needs like utilities, healthcare, and public transport extremely efficiently.
The free market economy is ruthlessly efficient in the national and international market due to involution and strategic loans from state-owned banks.
Difference between the capitalism our parents had vs us. They had taxes on the rich. So they could afford homes and retire and never needed 3 jobs to scrape by. In fact one job was enough to afford a home and a family.
This is just painfully and obviously not the reason why childcare is so expensive now. Labor costs are higher these days (Baumol's cost disease), regulations have become more strict because we are more protective of our children, and multigenerational living has declined.
Taxing the rich is great but it's not gonna fix any of those.
Taxing the rich means that there are fewer people with absurd money, which means businesses won't have many customers at such high prices. It's like McDonalds charging $5 for a quarter of a potato. They're hoping that the lost sales from the poors at such a high price is made up by fewer high priced purchases by the rich.
If even the rich couldn't or didnt want to afford $5 quarter potatoes then they'd have to lower the price
Taxing the rich is not going to solve any of this. It may help some, but it's nothing like the panacea certain people pretend it is.
If we took all the assets from all the billionaires in the US, that total is something like $6-7 trillion if we pretend there's no asset price decrease in the selling of said assets.
Sounds like a lot, but we're nearly $40 trillion in debt. Taxing the rich heavily won't solve a spending problem.
The federal government specifically, and the admin class in general was a lot smaller during our parents' era.
Sadly most of us pay far more than 7%. Fortunately mostly that’s ok and it all works out.
(Except we will work until we die, but hey! Capitalism!)