Sorta? Noweb and org mode's support of it, at least, has a "detangle" and it worked surprisingly well last time I tried it. You can't edit the comments it puts in the source, for obvious reasons. And I'm sure it has trouble if you tried to get too fancy. But it did allow me to edit the generated source directly and pull those edits back into my literate source. I imagine if this was something people were more often doing, you could make it more reliable, even.