I don't have papers but I think calculators, which are amazing and necessary, impact people's mental calculation capabilities. I know I used to he better at multiplication when i didn't have calculators all around me.
IMO, AI will have similar impact. Great advance overall but will nerf some areas of our mental capacity.
Like astronauts losing muscle mass faster in zero gravity.
AI impact on our brain, just like the calculator, might be a reasonable price to pay for the advancement it gives.
> I know I used to he better at multiplication when i didn't have calculators all around me.
My manual calculation skills were at their peak in seventh grade in school, when we were allowed to use a calculator for the first time (and thus the exercises got harder) but simultaneously I usually forgot to bring mine.
But yeah, I don't think I could think better in general, when I did arithmetic better.