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> so wouldn't it be better to put power/ground on the outer layers and keep signals in the middle?

Signals must never cross a break or split in the plane they're referencing (usually 0V or ""ground""). This creates huge EMI problems. Your proposal would have signals on layer 2 crossing a split in the ground plane on layer 1 (that split caused by power traces).

Some interesting material on the subject:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYUYOXmo9UU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QG0Apol-oj0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySuUZEjARPY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RyBCnowLsI



All of those videos are great.

I'd start with this one specifically: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySuUZEjARPY . (Your 3rd link).




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