Iraq is also not that clear. Iraq was very aggressive state at that time in its region.
It was required (by UN, not US) to destroy and stop producing WMD they had (chemical weapons), AND prove that they do that. And UN Security Council resolutions (dated 1992, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2002, total 15 resolutions) clearly stated that failure to do so that may bring another war.
Instead, Saddam actively prevented UN observers to their factories and made it all look like they continue producing WMDs. He refused to cooperate with UNSCOM and UNMOVIC, and lied a lot.
And man they did it before. Iraq officially confirmed producing 8500 liters of anthrax (UN commission suspected up to 25000 liters).
In total, Iraq produced 19,000 liters of concentrated botulinum toxins, 8,500 liters of concentrated anthrax, and 2,200 liters of aflatoxin. Iraq conducted field tests of Bacillus subtilis (anthrax stimulant), botulinum toxins, and aflatoxins. Iraq also tested the delivery of biological agents by a variety of delivery systems, including rockets, bombs, and aerial dispersal. In December 1990, Iraq loaded 100 R-400 bombs with botulinum toxins, 50 bombs with anthrax, and 16 with aflatoxins; at the same time, 13 SCUD missile warheads were loaded with botulinum toxins, 10 with anthrax, and two warheads with aflatoxins. In total, 10,000 liters of concentrated botulinum toxins, 6,500 liters of concentrated anthrax, and 1,580 liters of aflatoxin were loaded into the munitions.
Iraq also produced 3,080 tons of mustard gas, 250 tons of tabun, and 812 tons of sarin. The bulk of these weapons were used in the war against Iran and gas attacks on the Kurds; the exact amounts of chemical weapons remaining are unknown. Thus, according to initial Iraqi claims, Iraq produced 240 kg of VX, according to later Iraqi claims - 3.9 tons, according to UNSCOM estimates - up to 200 tons; while Iraq denied that VX was loaded into the carriers, UNSCOM found traces of VX in the warhead fragments of Iraqi missiles. In 2004, Iraqi munitions containing binary sarin and cyclosarin were also found.
PS: I still think US was wrong invading Iraq before securing where its all stored, Saddam made a very effective provocation. And US did not conduct any "referendums" to make Iraq a US state, like Russia did in Crimea. And who knows, maybe there are still WMDs hidden somewhere in Iraq, it's a big country.
The thing is compliance was impossible because the weapons did not actually exist. Saddam's underlings were lying to him, claiming things that never happened. Our inspectors kept letting stuff slip through our fingers because it wasn't really there. Intel would tell them to look at X. We would go to X, find nothing. Whoever was in charge of X would report to Saddam that they successfully moved the stuff away from the inspectors.
We were tapping their communications and thinking we were failing when in reality there was never anything there--we had already destroyed all the real stuff. It was all a massive deception, but not aimed at us. Saddam was emboldened by apparently repeatedly giving us the finger when in reality he didn't have a hand to raise at all.
> The bulk of these weapons were used in the war against Iran and gas attacks on the Kurds
In the US-backed war against Iran, in opposition to the Iranian-aligned Kurdish militias. If you're gonna supplement a military force with their majority ethnicity, then start referring to the US war with Iraq as a US war against Arabs for consistency.
But anyway. No, the bulk was not used against Kurdish militia groups, it was used against Iranian military[0] and you also missed out a major issue in that the chemical weapons program received international support since Iraq was seen as a reliable partner against Iran. This includes US and European companies shipping precursors to Iraq. Calling it "very aggressive" when it was a completely failed country by 2002 under crippling sanctions is dishonest at best.
It was required (by UN, not US) to destroy and stop producing WMD they had (chemical weapons), AND prove that they do that. And UN Security Council resolutions (dated 1992, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2002, total 15 resolutions) clearly stated that failure to do so that may bring another war.
Instead, Saddam actively prevented UN observers to their factories and made it all look like they continue producing WMDs. He refused to cooperate with UNSCOM and UNMOVIC, and lied a lot.
And man they did it before. Iraq officially confirmed producing 8500 liters of anthrax (UN commission suspected up to 25000 liters).
In total, Iraq produced 19,000 liters of concentrated botulinum toxins, 8,500 liters of concentrated anthrax, and 2,200 liters of aflatoxin. Iraq conducted field tests of Bacillus subtilis (anthrax stimulant), botulinum toxins, and aflatoxins. Iraq also tested the delivery of biological agents by a variety of delivery systems, including rockets, bombs, and aerial dispersal. In December 1990, Iraq loaded 100 R-400 bombs with botulinum toxins, 50 bombs with anthrax, and 16 with aflatoxins; at the same time, 13 SCUD missile warheads were loaded with botulinum toxins, 10 with anthrax, and two warheads with aflatoxins. In total, 10,000 liters of concentrated botulinum toxins, 6,500 liters of concentrated anthrax, and 1,580 liters of aflatoxin were loaded into the munitions.
Iraq also produced 3,080 tons of mustard gas, 250 tons of tabun, and 812 tons of sarin. The bulk of these weapons were used in the war against Iran and gas attacks on the Kurds; the exact amounts of chemical weapons remaining are unknown. Thus, according to initial Iraqi claims, Iraq produced 240 kg of VX, according to later Iraqi claims - 3.9 tons, according to UNSCOM estimates - up to 200 tons; while Iraq denied that VX was loaded into the carriers, UNSCOM found traces of VX in the warhead fragments of Iraqi missiles. In 2004, Iraqi munitions containing binary sarin and cyclosarin were also found.
PS: I still think US was wrong invading Iraq before securing where its all stored, Saddam made a very effective provocation. And US did not conduct any "referendums" to make Iraq a US state, like Russia did in Crimea. And who knows, maybe there are still WMDs hidden somewhere in Iraq, it's a big country.