> 1. The words aren't in context, which leads to "flashcard blindness", where you see a word in context, know that you recognize it, but can't remember what it means.
Clozes should help with this. If anything, I sometimes find it easier to remember words when they're presented in a sentence, though obviously you have to be cautious of overfitting.
In my experience, it's actually easier to memorize a sentence than to actually learn the principles behind something. (Turns out this is also true for neural networks, and there are loads of techniques for counteracting it.)
So OK, to counteract memorization and lack of contextualization, you have 5-6 sentences with the same word. But now Anki doesn't know that they're related, so the SRS system can't actually space out the learning the way it wants to.
With the system I developed, you're given a full phrase / sentence / paragraph / section / chapter, and it separately tracks the words or grammar elements you've seen, in a way similar to that described by OP. So you're always actually reading native content, of which much of the content will be new even if the words are already known to you.
I have been quite enjoying Clozemaster[0] for anki-based language learning. Actually, I think I got the recommendation from HN. I'm still on the free version right now, but the pre-curated lists, ChatGPT integration where it breaks down the grammatical translation of the cloze, and convenient links to wiktionary and native pronounciation examples all to be extremely helpful.
Clozes should help with this. If anything, I sometimes find it easier to remember words when they're presented in a sentence, though obviously you have to be cautious of overfitting.