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its worse than that. A physical system can go far without QM -> see a system subject to Newton laws.

A chemical system is necessarily QM. Chemistry is either purely empirical, or quantum.



Anything that needs enzymes to function would break down without quantum effects.


What do you mean by quantum effects? Tunneling?

If so, that's too restrictive. The interaction between two He atoms needs QM (dispersion forces). Heck, even two water molecules interacting is a QM even if you decide to classify the polar attraction as purely classical. You'd still be omitting a lot of the interaction energy.

I see no way I can simulate catalyzed (enzyme) breaking of a chemical bond without:

1. Direct or indirect use of at least DFT

2. An empirical solution (curve fitting to data)


Without QM, electrons would just drop into the nucleus. So good luck building anything without QM.


Well duh, my point is that Newtonian physics is a subset of QM, but doesn't need to be. In fact it's an important result in QM that QM becomes Newtonian in the limit.

Chemistry, on the other hand, is QM. All of it. You can empirically get around it like alchemists did for a while. But it sucks.

This is partially why chemists accepted the existence of the atom far (far) earlier than physicists who stuck with continuum theories - their empirical methods were banging against the wall.




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