LLM training is arcane and expensive to experiment with. So OpenAI had to waste a lot of time and GPU-hours on things that didn't work to learn the tricks that did work.
Most of the competitors have lineage straight back to OpenAI, eg the lead of x.ai was previously at OpenAI and Deepmind. Likewise with Mistral and especially Anthropic.
Most of the competitors have lineage straight back to OpenAI, eg the lead of x.ai was previously at OpenAI and Deepmind. Likewise with Mistral and especially Anthropic.