At least in regards to the US, no one can really know that. The Chinese government technically doesn't own anything in the US anymore. The alarm is being raised because supposedly private Chinese enterprise includes ownership of significant American food production (e.g. largest pork manufacturer), farm land, homes near military facilities, etc. Those are strategically sound holdings for national defense in both countries. Suburbs are built on farm land, etc. It's very difficult to decouple real estate from national defense, really.

That said, "Chinese people" don't own all that much in the US overall when compared with other countries. China is being singled out because they have been caught spying repeatedly. They stood and burned their embassy and refused to allow firefighters in. There is military posturing. They are invading American airspace over the US mainland. All these combined paint such purchases in a suspicious light at the very least.

There's enough evidence to know that the Chinese government is funding at least some of the purchases. It could be most of these purchases. No one can know for sure, not even the individual buyers themselves. Only the Chinese government knows.

I think the same applies in Europe?