A pie chart could serve a similar purpose, but can be much easier to interpret. I like this interactive pie chart for profiling Webpack bundle size. I've used it several times at work to help find and reduce bloat in our bundles.
The chart I'm talking about has multiple names, but is not a simple pie chart. Thanks to funcDropShadow for pointing this out. The names: sunburst chart, multilevel pie chart, and radial treemap.
Your example is usually referred to as a sunburn chat. Although it shares all drawbacks of pie charts. Some would say sunburn chart make it even harder to correctly understand the relative size of elements than pie charts.
https://alexkuz.github.io/webpack-chart/