> In civilized countries, no one can force you to hand over a password (as you have a right to not incriminate yourself).
Which countries?
In the US, the intersection between 5th amendment rights and password disclosure is not complete. You can be forced to disclose a password in certain circumstances here.
Wherein it mentions passwords are considered testimonial and therefore protected by the 5th, but device passcodes were ruled to be exempted under the “forgone conclusion” exception to the 5th (TIL about that).
As I said, civilized countries. Unfortunately, lots of countries do not adhere to their own constitution anymore, which I believe is mostly caused by a lack of technology understanding. I would guess that the judges that force Alice to hand over the passphrase for her phone encryption wouldn't force the CEO of a company to hand over the key to the safe that contains incriminating info.
I think in Florida v. Voigt someone was sentenced to 6 months for not handing their iPhone password in an extortion case. If I recall, the phone was ultimately hacked to get the evidence.
Which countries?
In the US, the intersection between 5th amendment rights and password disclosure is not complete. You can be forced to disclose a password in certain circumstances here.