Way way back, before DOS and the PC and so on, the UCSD p-System was very widespread.
TP supplanted it, but TP on DOS was very different from the original CP/M TP, and indeed with Delphi on Windows it transformed again into something wholly different and much more powerful.
Delphi fused Turbo Pascal, its fast compiler and rich capable DOS IDE, with something much like NeXTstep's Interface Builder and a set of OOPS libraries for Pascal to construct GUIs.
Which inspired MS to copy it, taking the forms painter from the Ruby database tool, and an extended kinda-sorta BASIC, and some OLE/COM GUI controls, to make something... well, sprawling and unfocused and sluggish and overcomplicated.
Then, when MS was seriously afraid that its OS and apps divisions would be split up by the DoJ, which the company forcibly transformed into .NET so it would have a tool for asserting cross-platform apps dominance.
But the fierce and determined Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson was replaced with the conciliatory Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly, and she backed down and let MS get away with it.
So the big split never happened, and MS was left with a fancy cross-platform tool it no longer really needed.
The result has been decades of bloat and flab, a somewhat tokenistic FOSS version for Unix-like OSes, and a wasted opportunity... but which nonetheless strangled the 3rd party compiler/dev-tools market on Windows.
Mac OS X succeeded because it bundled great dev tools, therefore strangling the Mac dev tools market.
And the Linux world does its monastic Unix self-denial thing -- plain text, horrible 1970s text editors, because suffering is good for the soul -- and never goes anywhere much. C++ is an evil modern heresy! We can have 50-line "object" calls in plain C, and it remains clean and holy, just as Saint Ritchie and the prophet Stallman decreed.
Lots of visual tools run under Linux, lots of C++ written for Linux.
But general Linux devs tend to be more self sufficient and need less hand holding. Unless they are doing Java, which is almost impossible to use effectively without an IDE.
In case it was not clear, my point was not entirely serious.
However I have to say that I have seen several appalled comments from Windows devs looking at using Linux on the theme of how awfully stone-aged the tools are.
Before the direct reply, I remember Judge Jackson. The ruling in the trial was quite hard hitting and many people were expecting something like the Bell System breakup. Likely three components, Operating Systems, Office, Dev Tools.
Back to working on Linux.
There's something to what you are saying. But it may partly be culture shock going from full IDEs to command line oriented projects.
I did some work with Visual Studio with C++ and liked it. Of course, the Windows API is so complicated you need as much help as you can get. Also a tiny bit of Visual Basic, which I found very quick to get things done with.
I actually used Turbo Pascal for a project, and found it quite good.