I love Lineage and used it as my main phone OS but since my carrier required in February for VoLTE to work, I can’t receive or make phone calls anymore.
You may have to call your carrier and have them change some things. I had trouble with AT&T a couple times, but then they had me turn off the phone, sent some data to it, then turn it back on. All good now.
I haven't gotten VoLTE on my XZ2 Compact with Lineage 17.1 and Telenor Sweden to work either. If I have it enabled, I can't do phone calls at all, when forcing 2G/3G calls, at least those work. But I do miss HD Voice.
If your SIM card is really old, some carriers need you to get a new SIM card for VoLTE to work, no matter what phone you have. Also, this is probably a dumb question, but are you on the latest build of LineageOS?