Maybe it’s different in Canada, but in the US (or at least in Massachusetts and New Hampshire) the agent merely must disclose to whom they owe allegiance. In both of my purchase transactions, the agent I worked most consistently with was legally working for the seller. (I was comfortable with that and acted accordingly, having “my” agent submit bids that I was comfortable with, but not treating/trusting them as if they were my lawyer).
You can have an agent working on behalf of the buyer, but my experience is that’s a minority rather than majority arrangement.
Your experience is not the norm, nor is it one I would recommend in most cases. You should find an agent you trust and can work with well to represent you, and they should be the only agent you ever have to speak to.
Dual representation can work out ok in some scenarios, but the hyper-inflated and super competitive market we're in right now isn't one of them.
Even in a situation where your agent is representing only you, they still have a massive incentive to get you to raise your bid so they get 1/4 of the total commission (and their brokerage house gets 1/4 of it). Their incentive is even stronger than that of the listing agent, because when it comes time to choosing a bid, the listing agent and brokerage is getting their commission one way or another and so a 1% difference in final contract price on a $1M house represents a difference of around $150 pre-tax to the listing agent. A difference of 1% that causes that specific buyer to get the house can represent a $15150 pre-tax difference to the buyer's agent.
If you tell "your" agent that you'd like to bid $1M but are able to and would pay up to $1.2M because you really love the house, you're giving away a lot of information that I decided I wasn't willing to give up and so kept all Realtors at arms-length.
You can have an agent working on behalf of the buyer, but my experience is that’s a minority rather than majority arrangement.