Simply out of curiosity for this same topic, do you happen to know of a good resource for finding out even just some of the less trivial differences that this solves? I'm sure it does but off hand I don't know them (I'm not all that multilingual).
I understand it'll bring in glyph orderings that don't exist in en_US or whatever you've got the default set to, such as 'Ç' in french among others.
I do not have a good resource, however, I know a few off the top of my head: 1) characters with modifiers, like umlauts, sometimes collate the same, and sometimes collate differently; 2) multiple characters may collate as a single character, such as "ll" (I just did a search to verify that this was the case in Spanish, and found the Collation page on Wikipedia, which you might find interesting); and 3) different locales may choose to collate numbers using different algorithms (in English we usually expect "1,000" to sort after "200", but if "," is a decimal point, then you might not).
I understand it'll bring in glyph orderings that don't exist in en_US or whatever you've got the default set to, such as 'Ç' in french among others.