I think it's because software varies vastly in complexity and spans many domains. Every software engineering role may use a generalized skillset to a degree, but I feel like there can never be one all-encompassing bar that can effectively cover the requirements of every role.
The same would apply for law and medicine, but those fields have chosen to make a requirement where specialists do have to be generalists first and have to learn and be examined on the whole field.
Becoming a specialized divorce lawyer still requires you to pass certification on things like criminal law and constitutional law (among many other things), you won't be permitted to practice law if you know just your specialty, no matter how well you know it.
Becoming a heart surgeon still requires you to pass certification on pharmacology and gynecology (among many other things), you won't be permitted to practice medicine if you just know your specialty, no matter how well you know it.
But for software workers we do accept that you can ignore many related (and even relevant) fields and just learn only one niche of technology - we could make an all-encompassing bar, but it would be a major change and I'm not sure if we would want that.
