When I last looked at Ouroboros it still had the property that there's only "one confirmation per slot", so you need to wait ~log(n) slots before an attacker has a <1/n probability of reversing the chain. I personally think that a good PoS system should strive to have hundreds of confirmations per slot the way eth2's LMD GHOST does. That said, it's very possible that there's an improved version of Ouroboros that already does this and I just haven't caught up to it yet.

Is it realistic, assuming a heterogenous network the Internet, for having high percentage of block dissemination and 100 confirmations in almost every node in 12 seconds (and how many peer connections are assumed per node?) Would not that segment the network? Sorry, I am just asking as I have no knowledge how ETH 2.0 and its LMD GHOST works.

Hey Vitalik, looking to really get into the weeds of blockchain like you. There seems to be a barrier between new folks and engaging fully in learning material. Just too much of a learning curve, got my hands on everything I could find but am now stuck, where do you suggest I find the most information on especially the math behind it all?