I believe Moderna has a patent on their methods; it is not a property of mRNA in general.
Not all mRNA follows the path that the Moderna vaccine uses.
Someone else please chime in if I am wrong here, but their method is basically use little lipid micelles (fat micro-blobs) that cover the mRNA. Because of some biochem, these micelles can then enter a healthy cell and disgorge the mRNA. This is kinda how a virus works as well. However, these micelles seem to be very fragile, hence the very cold temperatures needed for transport.
Once in the cell the mRNA then diffuses and is translated by ribosomes into protiens
Is this bio-chem designed by Moderna, or is it just a property of the mRNA? Does all mRNA follow the same path into the cell?