I sometimes use a triple negation !!! for that reason. I don‘t know if there are any drawbacks, especially if there are other people working on the code, but it worked pretty well for me so far.
Yes, it's one of those dirty JavaScript tricks that abuse type conversion. Negation converts anything into a boolean, so if you negate that again, you get the equivalent of converting the into a bool. In standard (old) JS fashion, it's both slower and less readable, but people still (used to?) do it. Similar hacks include 1* for num->string and +"" for the opposite, along with several others that I have luckily managed to forget.
I've never had to use JavaScript, but I've done the *1 or &"" in Excel to force conversion to the desired type... yes, let's mercifully lay the veil of forgetting over this.
Personally I think it is a good rule to never use Boolean(x), String(x), etc.
The problem is that many developers are unaware that `const s = new String(x);` creates a string Object. It looks like a string, and acts like a string, except that in some places it is not a string: for example `typeof s` returns “object”! Same problem for Boolean, Number, etcetera. Yes casts are ok, but it is easier to just say never use the value object keywords because you can end up with very wierd bugs a long way from where the value object was created.
Another example:
let x = new Boolean(true);
console.log(x === true);
I suppose it would be easy and might already be in some engines, but it's still discouraged because you can't rely on that optimisation (there are many engines), it's semantically incorrect, and most importantly much less readable - especially for someone not tok familiar with the JS type system.