Culture of silence comes from the top, or more realistically mid-career people who have bought into the system. Your proverbial E4 (junior enlisted with some clout) is the same as a early but motivated patrolman, and those are the parties that do the locker room harassment. But their direction and latitude to behave that way comes from that former party.
With that in mind...
The police leadership that condones the integrity violations required to stay silent are peers to the E6-8's/O4s-O5s who are in the military for 7-14 years and are vectoring towards a career. While bad apples exist in those parties, and those parties have enough influence to create culture of silence, it's never sustainable.
So, life-long careers exist in both for parties with influence enough to do a wall of silence, both have similar danger to the job, but the military has a fraction of these ethical shortcomings police are experiencing.
With that in mind...
The police leadership that condones the integrity violations required to stay silent are peers to the E6-8's/O4s-O5s who are in the military for 7-14 years and are vectoring towards a career. While bad apples exist in those parties, and those parties have enough influence to create culture of silence, it's never sustainable.
So, life-long careers exist in both for parties with influence enough to do a wall of silence, both have similar danger to the job, but the military has a fraction of these ethical shortcomings police are experiencing.