1.choose jobs for their learning potential, not their earning potential for the first years. This will pay off later.
2.be willing to change jobs if you don't have a clear chance of promotion inside.
3.be a likable person. Have a coffee with your colleagues, make small chat with your boss, ask about their lives, remember their families' names... In office politics it doesn't matter how good you are as much as how much people like you.
4.be your own advertiser. Probably no other person will be. Make sure that when you have a success everybody knows it was yours and what you did.
5.be willing to do more than your job's description, but don't be a pushover. Ask for compensation or recognition every time you do something beyond your duties.
"4.be your own advertiser. Probably no other person will be. Make sure that when you have a success everybody knows it was yours and what you did."
Yes! This! This does not mean false promotion. It means being able to express succintly and understandably that what you are good at. The world is drowning in noise. You do a disservice to everyone, including yourself, if you don't create a "personal brand".
It does not mean being obnoxious or pushing yourself. It just means you can explain clearly - when the need is - what you are good at in as few words that are as effective as possible.
this is golden. except may be 2. which contradicts with 1. You probably don't need promotion in the initial years unless you are looking for management career, which would be good if you end up like Sundar Pichai but bad if you just become a redundant replaceable resource especially in bad times like this.
2.be willing to change jobs if you don't have a clear chance of promotion inside.
3.be a likable person. Have a coffee with your colleagues, make small chat with your boss, ask about their lives, remember their families' names... In office politics it doesn't matter how good you are as much as how much people like you.
4.be your own advertiser. Probably no other person will be. Make sure that when you have a success everybody knows it was yours and what you did.
5.be willing to do more than your job's description, but don't be a pushover. Ask for compensation or recognition every time you do something beyond your duties.