It's anonymous enough if you never reveal your identity. It would be like driving somewhere, paying cash, then later the cash is revealed to be fake. And there's no way for the storefront to test for legitimacy until an hour later.
1. Credit card fraud is an extremely small percentage of credit card activity. What you are proposing would likely not be.
2. Chargebacks are disputed, and as a storefront you can prove that you are not liable. Merchants can review the identifying documents of the cardholder for legitimacy and take other security steps, like using a chip-enabled card terminal, to further confirm the validity of the purchase. If they follow the process correctly, they are not liable for fraudulent purchases, the cardholder’s issuing bank is. Visa and MasterCard’s contracts generally put the burden of fraud reimbursement onto the bank.