uhh.. most brew shit is built from source, for which prebuilt binaries are often available. You’d just brew as usual building from source or prebuilt arm packages would be provided as usual.
> Wouldn't switching to ARM break all currently installed brew packages
(Emphasis mine.) Most Homebrew programs are not installed from source; and they'll require recompilation for the new architecture by the Homebrew team and a reinstall of all packages (to fetch the new packages) to work.