One thing which is important to clarify is that in Brazil, once you take your vacation, it gets "spent" during the whole period that you are off, including weekends and eventual holidays.
In Europe (or at least a good part of it) vacation is "spent" only on workdays, not weekends or holidays (which is fairer, you wouldn't be working on these days).
So in Sweden, where you get 25 days compared to Brazil's 30, you actually get roughly one week more vacation per year. This is not evident at a first glance just by comparing numbers.
This is super strange. Does Brazil force people to take vacation contiguously? What prevents one from taking Monday-Friday off and then the next Monday-Friday off? What if you want to take Thursday and Friday off and then spend the weekend vacationing - how many vacation days does that take?
It "works" because, legally speaking, it's the employer who decides when you can take vacation. Apart from some edge cases, the employer has the option to give your full vacation in one go but it also has the option to give it to you in two different periods (at most). No period may be smaller than 10 days. They have to notify you of your vacation period at least 30 days in advance.
In practice it really depends where you work.
In some jobs you will have a lot of latitude, and the employer will let you freely choose and only veto it if it's really disruptive (like everybody else in the team leaving at the same time). This is what I had experienced, working in IT.
I suspect that in some lines of work, like the service industry, you might be totally out of luck and have zero choice on the matter.
In Europe (or at least a good part of it) vacation is "spent" only on workdays, not weekends or holidays (which is fairer, you wouldn't be working on these days).
So in Sweden, where you get 25 days compared to Brazil's 30, you actually get roughly one week more vacation per year. This is not evident at a first glance just by comparing numbers.