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> "that energy efficiency is the next key metric"

What limits cpu speed? => https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/122050/what-...

More efficiency means more overclocking. Also, better cooling/dissipation methods and less gate delay.

We may be hitting the limits of wire thinness, but I get a strong feeling (ie not an expert) we've got a decent ways to go before we hit the limits of clock speed.



I'm not an expert either, but from what I do recall of my EE courses in college...

Circuits with respect to frequency, past a given point capacitance starts to look like an inductor at high frequencies. The charge and discharge sloshing happens fast enough that power really gets wasted to heat or other leaks (but mostly heat for the things we build).

My personal gut-feeling is that faster Hz probably isn't happening without some kind of radically different / exotic design or process. Further that is the case it's unlikely to scale down. That kind of system might be useful for AIs, large governments/corporations, and maybe game consoles that need a lot of power and are wall-powered so they don't care.


That's... extremely not what's limiting clock speed. For one, at this regime the resistance tends to swamp out the inductance.


It absolutely is; performance is mostly limited by power usage and dissipation, and the above is describing why at faster frequencies more power is used.


Power dissipation isn't coming from wires looking like inductors...




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