Lisp in 1962 did it, it had a compiler and the implementation could mix interpreted and compiled code.
One takes an interpreted function, which can be defined at runtime, compile it to assembler and have the assembler generate machine code in binary program space. The Lisp system then notes that this is now a compiled function.
> The LISP Compiler is a program written in LISP that translates S-expression definitions of functions into machine language subroutines. It is an optional feature that makes programs run many times faster than they would if they were to be interpreted at run time by the interpreter.
> When the compiler is called upon to compile a function, it looks for an EXPR or FEXPR on the property list of the function name. The compiler then translates this S-expression into an S-expression that represents a subroutine in the LISP Assembly Language (LAP). LAP then proceeds to assemble this program into binary program space. Thus an EXPR, or an FEXPR, has been changed to a SUBR or an FSUBR, respectively.
...
> 1. It is not necessary to compile all of the functions that are used in a particular run. The interpreter is designed to link with compiled functions. Compiled functions that use interpreted functions will call the interpreter to evaluate these at run time.
> 2. The order in which functions are compiled is of no significance. It is not even necessary to have all of the functions defined until they are actually used at run time. (Specialforms are an exception to this rule. They must be defined before any function that calls them is compiled. )
It's in the CL standard, and compliant implementations support it. SBCL, LispWorks, Allegro, CCL, and others all do AOT native compilation, from the REPL and via eval (which should be avoided, in any case). ABCL does AOT compilation to JVM bytecode, and Clisp to its own bytecode.
It's a cool feature for Nim to have, but claiming to be the first makes them look bad.
Several Lisp implementations even do similar things which were shown in the video: compiling Lisp to C/C++, then calling the C or C++ compiler, then loading the compiled code into a running Lisp, replacing/extending code.
For example ECL. The maintainer of ECL also showed how to write inline C in a Lisp function and compile/load that in a REPL - using only a couple of lines of code - basically a C REPL inside Lisp.
