Gboard updates the model on-device and sends the updates to Google, meaning no keystroke data needs to be sent to Google while still improving the model with real world usage:
> "[Federated Learning] works like this: your device downloads the current model, improves it by learning from data on your phone, and then summarizes the changes as a small focused update," scientists Brendan McMahan and Daniel Ramage said. "Only this update to the model is sent to the cloud, using encrypted communication, where it is immediately averaged with other user updates to improve the shared model."