Cosmos is (was?) also the name of Microsoft's internal distributed database that they ran their version of map reduce in. I think Cosmos is a very common name to be used to name projects, it is probably used more than a few times a years as the name for a new project.
Cosmos - "the universe seen as a well-ordered whole"
Given the nature of the word, I it think fits the Cosmos Network pretty well, as blockchains are mostly about consensus around ordering. And Cosmos IBC provides a kind of partial-but-sufficient ordering around the Cosmos Hub.
But maybe it'll all run on a CosmosOS, and be integrated with the Cosmos react system.
Did COSMOS initially not use Mono? I seem to remember a toy OS kernel named either Cosmo or COSMOS on OSdever that was written in x86 ASM and C and had a shell, multitasking, paging memory manager, and a loader with RING0 and RING3 processes. This would have been ~2005-2006 ish. Was this it?
I've been watching Cosmos development since that time period and I think this is the same one you are thinking of. I swear ten years ago the TODO list was the same for this project.
It wouldn't be hard to find a dozen different software packages called Cosmos. It's a fairly obvious name that basically cannot be claimed exclusively. It's at least also a web hosting management interface, and something that "provides an API for the orderly, harmonious, and complete management of DC/OS service packages".
There was a BeOS alike OS project called Cosmoe, but it is defunct. It was based on the same AtheOS code as SyllableOS, but tried to rework the interfaces tot he libraries to be more like the BeAPI. All ASM/C/C++ though, no managed code.