I wasn't totally convinced by the first linked essay. The primary arguments presented seem to be:
- Government funded development only gives the government what it wants while the citizens remain unsatisfied. This is due to a lack of "market tests".
- We never tested the alternative where the government doesn't fund research and let private companies innovate instead.
Dr. Mazzucato addresses this in her book. She notes that the government needs to provide a pipeline from basic research to marketability. She also argues that the last twenty years, in various countries, have shown that trusting private companies to innovate doesn't give better returns. Also, I feel like Dr. Glein is over-simplifying Dr. Mazzucato's argument by claiming she argues that "many of the technologies and innovations we now value were produced single-handedly by government". Dr. Mazzucato routinely celebrates the ability of private companies to integrate innovative technologies for the public. She's mostly arguing that these companies should be taxed better (more efficiently? realistically?) by licensing the technologies.
However, the argument Dr. Glein links to (https://www.jstor.org/stable/116937?seq=1#page_scan_tab_cont...), is very interesting! It claims that R&D personnel are a finite resource and government funding crowds out the supply of talent for the private sector. I don't know why, but I thought the supply was elastic? Maybe because I over-idealize immigration?
The second essay seems to mostly re-iterate the importance of the "crowding out" effect. It also notes that Mazzucato got some data wrong because: "But in the thirties governments in the US did not fund long-term fundamental research, so companies did it themselves. Now that governments do fund long-term fundamental research, industry needs no longer do so: yet again Professor Mazzucato advocates the very policies that lead to the outcomes she deplores."
tl;dr people seem to be getting different conclusions from datasets I haven't seen and I need to do more research into the "crowding out effect"
> (...) I started reading “How to Build a Brain” by Chris Eliasmith. By the end of it, I truly felt biologically plausible modelling was hugely important for the advance of Cognitive Science.
Does it give a biologically plausible explanation for backpropagation?
I wrote a summary if you're interested: https://medium.com/@seanaubin/book-review-the-entrepreneuria...