First, stop all attempts to control the exchange rate. The moment you have an "official" and "unofficial" exchange rate for a currency, you're going to have a black market cashing in on the difference. Just leave the rate to stabilize by itself, at whatever level the market is willing to pay for it.
Second, stop regulating prices for any goods for which there is a deficit. If the price is artificially low, that causes a deficit, because the aforementioned black market will use all means available to buy products at those low prices, and resell them at the real prices.
And none of this is rocket science. These two things are exactly what had to be done in the USSR to get anywhere (and, like Venezuela, they persisted in refusing to do them for a long time, making the problem worse and worse).
First, stop all attempts to control the exchange rate. The moment you have an "official" and "unofficial" exchange rate for a currency, you're going to have a black market cashing in on the difference. Just leave the rate to stabilize by itself, at whatever level the market is willing to pay for it.
Second, stop regulating prices for any goods for which there is a deficit. If the price is artificially low, that causes a deficit, because the aforementioned black market will use all means available to buy products at those low prices, and resell them at the real prices.
And none of this is rocket science. These two things are exactly what had to be done in the USSR to get anywhere (and, like Venezuela, they persisted in refusing to do them for a long time, making the problem worse and worse).