Yes, they really have similar parts (mostly Operation and Action). But Hanami is a framework and Trbr is a architectural layer, that could be used inside any framework. In Trbr I really like the idea of Representable to convert objects. Trbr is more tailored for Raiks, to allow step by step improvement of existing Rails apps. Maybe it is not so important for Hanami, but with Sinatra it will still help a lot.