Why do you need to handle DDR5? You can use DDR3 to play the vast majority of competitive video games. It's not hard to find an FPGA that can handle DDR3 or DDR4.
You also don't need to sniff the entirety of the traffic. You just need to introduce aliasing. That is much harder to do for DDR5 but you don't need it to be reliable or stable for a long time, because you won't be sniffing for very long. And you don't need to do 6000+MT/s either.
As far as I know there are very few systems that support Windows 11 with DDR3.
I think his point was more that if you drop the link rate on ddr5 to sniff then the performance penalty will be very bad. DDR5 starts at 3000
There are DDR4 interposers you can buy for 50$. The basic thing is that you don't need all of the ram all of the time, you just need to find an address which you can then rewrite to make two valid references to the same physical memory (see: badRAM/battering ram). Then you can use an IOMMU compliant DMA to access that memory.
Or you can use an FPGA to interpose the RAM and intercept the network traffic for a couple hundred bucks.
Indeed, you can buy a piece of fiberglass shaped correctly for 50$. That's not the hard part. Just the probe you are supposed to connect to such a PCB is > 1k USD per pin you need to sample. The oscilloscope / logic analyzer to sample it is likely 6-7 figures.
> Or you can use an FPGA to interpose the RAM and intercept the network traffic for a couple hundred bucks.
What FPGA solution do you have for a couple hundred bucks could interpose DDR4 RAM at any frequency? This number seems completely made up to me.
I do think a large portion of the huge price for this equipment is that it is very niche and only a few mfg's eg keysight/agilent make this kind of stuff.
Im sure if the DMA market goes way of the RAM bus sniffing its will be a year or two before mass produced products are on the market that can sniff the traffic without much reduction in signal quality and maximum data rate.
This hasn't been true for a very long time. The kind of cheats that can survive even very basic anticheat for a long time cost a decent amount of money on subscription basis. Most cheaters by volume pay quite a chunk of change to cheat.
You can still do DMA cheating with IOMMU enabled. There are quite a few relatively widespread bugs with IOMMU that allow you to bypass it, for example https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/fuzzing-pci-expre.... So to be able to actually do IOMMU DMA protection you need to be willing to ban many popular devices. That may be viable for FACEIT and ESEA but it won't be for 99.9% of anticheat deployments.
The detection for DMA cheating is based on the DMA engines being unable to emulate 1:1 the actual behavior the hardware ID would be expected to have. This can be fixed by simply doing that properly.
But even besides that, DMA through PCIe is just one hardware cheat that fits a separate thread model and therefore has some countermeasures.
There are much more robust methods you can use, for example a PCIe interposer between the OS and GPU, or simply direct memory interposes if you want to do DMA without the protections afforded by the PCIe implementation. There are interposets along with machinery to get along memory encryption and other obfuscations that can be made for around 100$.
They can also simply get picked up in a correlated manner between twins due to the shared womb environment even if those correlated epigenetic traits are completely different from those of the parents.
These are twin studies, you don't need to get into heritable epigenitics. The expression of the shared environment in the womb would be reasonably expected to lead to epigenetic correlations in twins at a crucial stage of development where they would have the highest impact, without them being heritable.
Put simply, the common epigenetics between twins need not be held in common with the parents.
> The expression of the shared environment in the womb would be reasonably expected to lead to epigenetic correlations in twins at a crucial stage of development where they would have the highest impact, without them being heritable.
Sure, but that wouldn't be relevant to twin studies because both twins would be exposed to the same environment.
The pop culture discussion about heritable epigenetics tends to assume influence outside of in utero conditions or crossing multiple generations. It's where the "generational trauma is in your genes" idea came from.
It would be relevant to twin studies. Specifically, separated twin studies, where shared environment is assumed to be negligible. If the developmental impact of epigenetics is significant that won't be true.
It's because the fare and boarding latency on planes is much higher, which funds the cost of having security guards around and amortizes the check-in time penalty.
Maybe. But in any case, you don't need to re-invent the wheel to check that passengers on busses and trains pay their fare. Just learn from any of the countless successful systems around the world today, or in the US's own past: streetcars used to be widely profitable, and that only worked because they actually managed to collect fares.
(Careful: I'm not suggesting that collecting fares would make streetcars widely profitable again. I am merely suggesting that whatever mechanisms they used to enforce fares can be learned from.)
It's a tradeoff you can make. The US is far from the only country in the world where fare evasion is a problem. I've lived in countries with similarly high inequality and homelessness where fare evasion was such a problem despite enforcement that the bus drivers would simply refuse to pick up certain passengers, and conversely people would then hitch a hike on roller skates behind the bus.
I don't doubt that there are countries worse than the US (in this regard). But that doesn't mean you can't learn from the success stories. Especially since they are really common in a variety of places that don't have much in common otherwise, so it can't be too hard to clamp down on most fare evasion.
> [...] and conversely people would then hitch a hike on roller skates behind the bus.
I assume there's not much overlap between the really problematic passengers (often loud, drunk, aggressive and/or mentally ill) and the skaters? Mostly just because you need a minimum level of physical fitness to pull this feat off, and you need to be organised enough to both have skates and have them at the ready?
In most places I lived in, the traffic police (if nothing else) would nab you for trying to pull this stunt.
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