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* lots of redundant prose

* vaguely incoherent temporal claims

* outdated coverage of Southwest

* formatting usage of bullet lists and random bolding smells a lot like an O3 "deep research" report

* unnamed author


They should AirBnB these units out. this guy creates a whole new revenue stream for Caltrain. This story is pretty crazy, this guy built not one but two secret livable apartments with bathrooms and kitchens inside daily, actively used train stations?


Many of the CALTRAIN stations have a historic Southern Pacific station building that's not used much. They're from the days of ticket windows and luggage service. Palo Alto has a cafe in theirs, and used to have a bike shop. San Carlos has a cafe. But Burlingame wasn't in use.

If he'd built the thing with his own money, it wouldn't be so bad. But he stole the money for the job.


there seems to be an error in the headline – Cali is a city in Colombia, but the article is about California?


HN's title character limit is 80 (and the title is exactly 80 characters), so it was abbreviated to fit.


It was abbreviated incorrectly and it is ambiguous or even misleading in its current form.

> Otherwise please use the original title, unless it is misleading..


CA would have made more sense as its an actual acronym.


CA isn't an acronym, it's a postal abbreviation.

Internationally, it conflicts with Canada.


That's a bit US-centric.


I would vote for:

"California AG to AI Corps: Practically Everything You’re Doing Might Be Illegal"


The Lufthansa pilot was like the guy who drives the Google bus in the carpool lane at the speed limit, slower than the cars in the other lanes.


This is exactly correct, and the parent's suggestion that the risk of chargebacks is something like 0.001% is WAAAAY off. Like, by orders of magnitude off. Any business that processes credit card transactions at scale, card present or card not present, is going to have a whole department of people who all they do all day long is deal with chargebacks.

It does seem like there are some people here who think they know how credit cards work but actually have no idea.


Not all businesses that use credit cards are in the broken US system. It's not a widespread problem everywhere.


According to Merchant Risk Council survey data[1], in 2021, friendly fraud in Europe was 1.3% (of transactions), 1.6% in Latin America, and 1.5% in APAC. In North America it was only 1.0%. So, it's actually a smaller problem in the US than in Europe and other global markets.

Further, "Annual Ecommerce Revenue Spent to Manage Payment Fraud" was 9% in Europe, 12% in Latin America, and 15% in APAC. It was only 5% in North America.

[1]: https://merchantriskcouncil.org/resource-center/surveys/2021...


The actual risk of a merchant not receiving money for a credit card transaction is quite high. Chargebacks are enough of a business problem that many large retailers have whole teams only devoted to processing and disputing them. There are entire companies that create products and services to help merchants reduce just "friendly fraud" chargebacks—that is, chargebacks where the cardholder says the purchase wasn't authorized but they are just lying or it was a family member who made the purchase. That there are entire industries devoted to helping reduce it shows that the risk of chargebacks is definitely something that merchants take into account in how they run their businesses.

In case of a stolen credit card, it's 100% the merchant who pays (that's why they're called charge-"backs"). The only exceptions are if the transactions are indemnified by a third party partner.

All the card brands have multiple chargeback codes for fraudulent transactions, even card-present ones, so the fact that the credit card was physically present is not some kind of guarantee that the merchant would win a chargeback representment.


In the US maybe. I have never in our business seen anything like a chargeback or heard of anyone ever doing something like it. It is a very American problem. Even if people did do so they would be punished quickly. It is only a problem in a society with a high level of crime and little or no consequences. The law allows a chargeback for 12 months here. Not a problem, not even in our webshop.


> It is a very American problem

This is laughable, as North America has the lowest chargeback rate of all the global regions. This is just biased and ignorant anecdata.

> It is only a problem in a society with a high level of crime and little or no consequences.

If you're going to make nasty anti-American claims, you should at least back it up with real data. The facts are that chargebacks are a bigger source of fraud loss outside of North America than inside it.

> Even if people did do so they would be punished quickly.

This is not how credit card fraud works.


Virtually every language that uses the Latin alphabet follows some version of this plan for spelling vowels, not just Germanic ones. There is a reason the International Phonetic Alphabet uses the 5 basic vowel symbols /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ this way.


As a native English speaker, this is also helpful with learning Vietnamese, which also uses the Latin alphabet.


Pretty much all of them. http://phonetic-blog.blogspot.com/2010/11/vowel-inventories.... says that the average number of vowels in a language is just below 6, and "large" vowel inventories are of size 7-14.


Well, except for the 14 diphthongs and the fact that /e/ and /o/ are more like /ɛ/ and /ɔ/ in certain closed syllables. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_phonology#Vowels


Those diphthongs have the same sound as combining the sounds of the two letters used to spell them, though.


The sounds may be similar, but they are not identical. Diphthongs are considered to be single segments phonologically, and some pronunciation changes can occur in "blending" the component parts together.

But I'm not sure I would go so far as to say all of the diphthongs should be counted as separate "vowels" in the language.


It is unclear which definition of "San Francisco" they are using. Is it just the city of San Francisco, the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, or the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area? I would guess that since San Jose is not listed separately, they are using the CSA, which includes a lot of outlying areas.


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