The problem isn't exactly that "all directions are North", right? That is true only when you're smack on the pole; even a meter away from it, things are well-defined again in terms of directions.
Problems start when you're moving around or doing trigonometry, though; following bearings starts getting weird even at otherwise negligible distances, for example, and runway designators on the opposite thresholds might not be exactly 180 degrees "apart".
But it's not like these effects don't exist everywhere on earth at some scale; they get gradually more pronounced the closer you get to the poles, so I'd be surprised if avionics software would get really confused by them.
Probably not. Knowing the speed-of-light round trip time to a network location gives you a bound on how much you can improve the performance of remote operations.
For example, I'm in Austin, querying a database hosted in Amazon's us-east-1 data center ("Northern Virginia"). Call it 1000 miles away, 2000 mile round trip.
You have: 2000 miles
You want: millilightseconds
2000 miles = 10.736388 millilightseconds
If I have a query that's taking < 1ms, no optimization of how that query is executed by the database can possibly improve the overall performance.
I originally thought canonicalize was an important step, but it actually isn’t for humans. For humans, CCCCCCCCC requires a lot more tedious counting than CM or even DCCCC, leading to more errors than simply allowing the human to notice that CM+C=M.
where so much of the plane broke that they had to invent a new way to fly it.
I can't turn up a reference right now, but like you say, in the next few years that failure was repeatedly simulated, and all the simulated planes crashed.
(IIRC, Haynes declined to try his hand at any of the simulations, explaining that the one time when it really mattered was enough for him.)
Not so stupid: Start with the phrase "Hoteling's rule" for a century of academic analysis of that question.
If you own an oil field, you have to balance a number of factors:
* How is the price of oil changing, relative to overall inflation? You mentioned this one.
But also,
* Are technological improvements (either increasing the total amount of extractable oil in the world, or outright oil replacements) going to dramatically lower the price if I wait too long?
* Is it still going to be my oil next year, or am I going to be first against the wall when the next revolution comes?
My (unsophisticated, outsider) opinion is that if you see oil-producing countries selling as quickly as they can, that's weak evidence that they're worried about the last two bullets.
I enjoyed it: not a sports fan, knew little of baseball except that the one game pro game I've seen in person was super-boring [to me].
_Moneyball_ isn't about baseball so much as it's about how easy it is for humans to be tricked by our intuitions and habits. Moneyball talks about baseball from the point of view of someone who everyone just assumed would be good -- and wasn't -- as he's trying to make more and more objective assessments of players, and wielding his conclusions against competing, more traditional managers.
We have to switch to "grid" north to make sense of directions there.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_polar_stereographic_...