One idea I've been using recently is to start writing unit tests around a piece of code or functionality as I'm trying to use it. That technique narrows the scope to a single thing, and I'm forced to be explicit about what I expect. That and reading the source code are my gotos.
Did you consider creating a backend for Matplotlib which rendered to ascii?? That way a matplotlib user could simply switch backends when on the terminal, and then switch to something else when the execution context changes. I don't know if that's even feasible, but that was what I first this was when I saw plt.
The OpenAI website has a login that lets people access it through a web interface, but there is also an API. You can join the waitlist at https://beta.openai.com/; they're apparently working through the list.
None of these points address the hardest parts of buying lumber for a beginner. The hardest parts are in no particular order
* knowing the maximum dimensions you can fit into your vehicle. Are you sure it'll fit in through the door or hatch and you'll be able to close it?
* knowing what cuts you can make at home, and which ones you need to have done at the lumber yard / big box retailer.
* if you need cuts done at the store, does that store offer that service? For example the Menards I shop at has an amazing selection of wood, but they won't cut any of it for me. The Lowe's has a smaller selection, but they do cuts for free.
* if you're having cuts at the store, make sure the saw is working before doing the hard work of choosing your lumber. Too many times to count I've spent 30 minutes getting all the pieces loaded on the cart and then noticed the "Out of Order" sign and had to leave empty handed.
* are you strong enough to lift the piece? Plywood comes in 4 foot by 8 foot sheets, and they can be heavy and awkward to move. A store employee can help you, but at some point you're on your own and will need to do it yourself, have some help, or fashion some tools to assist you.
* For cuts at the store, do you know what dimensions to tell the employee to cut at? Store cuts should be considered rough cuts than you true up later on. Make sure you account for this when dictating the cuts.
* Lastly, just assume you'll make mistakes early on. Luckily construction lumber in the US is pretty cheap, so you can afford a few lessons.
Having just rebuilt a deck and installed 200sqft of wood flooring, I'd like to add that if you are just dabbling in around the house projects, you can get much further than you might expect with a hand saw. I have a circular saw, but it both scares the piss out of me and is hard to keep on the line.
A hand saw theoretically takes longer, but I also don't have to worry about my kids getting hold of it and killing themselves. If I was cutting plywood to size, I'd probably still get out the circular saw, but for basically everything else the handsaw is my tool of choice.
>I have a circular saw, but it both scares the piss out of me and is hard to keep on the line.
Nothing to be scared of, respected yes. to aid with straight cuts, you can clamp down a straight edge (2x4, level, etc) to let the base of the saw glide against. make sure what ever you are cutting has proper support so that the weight doesn't cause the material to sag at the cut (pinching the blade is big factor in kick backs and stalls)
i also find it similar to driving a car. if you look at the road directly in front of you, you'll swerve more than if you look further ahead. don't watch where the blade is cutting, but the notch in the frame of the base. you'll get the hang of it to the point you'll be able to cut a 4'x8' sheet of plywood length wise without issues
The other tip that helps with cutting straight with a circular saw is to set the cut depth just shallow enough to go through the material. If the blade is deep, it is harder to turn.
That's more accurate. I was probably overselling my fear of the saw. Mostly I find it to be more of a bother than it's worth for what I've been doing.
Really, a miter saw would be the power tool that would have been useful for me given the project's I've been working on recently. But also cutting a board to length isn't hard and it's kind of nice to see yourself get better making square cuts.
You're next project you'll find yourself buying the chop/mitre saw. Then you'll find the cut it can't do for the next project, and you'll see yourself getting a router, and then a routing table, and then... Next thing you know, you can't park your car in the garage anymore because it's no longer a garage. it's now a woodshop!
A boy can dream, but we're low on space as it is. It's part of the reason I've been sticking to hand tools.
Also just being enamored with the stuff I see on The Woodwrights Shop. Quick plug that PBS has the most recent ten season of The Woodwrights Shop available on their website [1]. I always changed the channel when I was younger and it came on. Not sure if it's just an appreciation that comes with age or if I just didn't give it a fair shake before, but it's really a great show.
> a miter saw would be the power tool that would have been useful for me given the project's I've been working on recently.
Most of the projects I've done and did with my father when I was younger we done with a miter. If you're just making straight cuts on 2x4's, a miter is safe and easy to use. They are more expensive, but great tools, though they aren't as versatile as circular saws. Remember that every tool has a different job. If you have the money, it is always worth buying the tool than just winging it with what you have. I'll admit, and anyone that has used power tools will, that the close calls and dangerous stuff I've done is generally from a winging it situation. You shouldn't be scared, but you should always be paying attention and try to always use the right tool. Especially when the wrong tool doesn't work the first time. It is better to trade a few beers with your neighbor for a few hours with their tool than to get injured.
One of my favorite You-tubers Andrew Camarata told the story of how he got a chainsaw at 10 years old. He hid it from his dad for months and used it. Then when his dad saw it he allowed him to use it on the provisio that he "be careful".
The trouble with the world today is that we're no longer allowing our kids to do anything useful for fear that they "injure" themselves.
So everyone grow up not really knowing even how to hammer a nail. I sympathize with your feeling having a kid myself, but without exposing them to even some slight danger, they will not grow up learning how to navigate the dangers in the world.
My friends have a kid. Every time she stands on top of something adults don’t normally stand on, they tell her to get off because she could hurt herself. Like standing on a chair, standing on a concrete thing outside, etc. Whenever she’s doing something slightly dangerous, they demand that she stops. They don’t even say “be careful, you could fall”. They just sternly say “get down from there that’s not safe.” Hard to watch.
Sawstop saws are pretty cool [0]. I’ve been in the woodshop of a nearby high school that has two of their table saws installed. On the wall are attached three wrecked blades from a student setting off the safety mechanism. Each one could have been some kid’s finger or hand.
I’m sympathetic to your argument - but power tools aren’t ‘slight’ danger.
They are not a problem if a parent teaches young kids how to use them properly. I'm not for just throwing power tools at kids.
The point i'm making is that in high school we had wood and metal shop. Welding. Electrical. NONE of those classes exist anymore. And with helicopter parenting kids aren't learning them either.
The problem with power tools is that even if you know how to use them, a momentary lapse can lead to permanent disability. My father has been using them for decades. He got stupid with a table saw once recently and severed the tendons to half his fingers. A few tens of thousands in reconstructive surgery later, we're still not sure if he'll ever be 100% in that hand. Statistically, some kids are going to do the same. I can totally understand why people don't think the marginal utility of being able to use power tools outweighs the risk without safety measures like the sawstop.
> They are not a problem if a parent teaches young kids how to use them properly.
The statistics don’t bear out that training or experience eliminates risk of serious injury. It’s even trivially disprovable with anecdotes - tons of experienced woodworkers have had blade touches and/or kickback-induced blade touches. Here’s 3:
If anyone is learning advanced shop safety, a few years ago I made the advanced survey that I wished existed: http://sawsafely.org/ . http://sawsafely.org/#injury-research-&-statistics has table saw injury stats. In an era of flesh-detecting table saws, using a table saw without it (other than weird special-purpose saws) means underestimating either the probability or the consequences.
My father's trade was journeyman carpenter. His hands are so mangled and scarred from saws and air nailers. He has been doing it so long that he doesn't pay attention.
For myself, every time I pick up a saw, I imagine cutting my finger off and it makes me take care.
When I aim the air nailer, I make sure my hands are further away than the nail length. I've had nails deflect on unseen defects inside the wood and poke out the other side where I didn't expect.
I think the point (certainly one I would make) is not that risk doesn't exist, but that overavoidance of risk is a problem. Yes, given the prevalence of power tools, there are statistically going to be some accidents (especially with the cavalier culture many shops have regarding tools). And yes, it sucks to be the statistic. I'm still glad I grew up around tools (and people who knew how to use them). As a result, I'm pretty handy with them, unlike many adults I know who are just super-awkward around them.
Regarding flesh-detecting table saws (which I fully support), there's a third possibility - lack of funds. Those things are seriously expensive. When the choice is not between sawstop and traditional saws, but instead traditional table saw or none, the traditional table saw can still be a worthy investment. It's all situational.
> The point i'm making is that in high school we had wood and metal shop. Welding. Electrical. NONE of those classes exist anymore. And with helicopter parenting kids aren't learning them either.
I had woodworking in high school, but no metal shop, no welding, no electrical. And most of the woodworking class was spent hand-sanding with worn out sandpaper from a drawer full - because the school didn't have enough funding to buy new paper each semester.
That said, I am better prepared for doing welding or electrical than my older relatives at my age, because I have access to youtube. It might be less reliable than learning it in school would have been, but I don't remember much from high school shop class anyway.
Sawstops are great and likely the reason I still count in base ten (I set one off in my university's woodshop years ago). The saw I was using at the time cost upwards of $10k (I was told) and the cartridges that stop the blade were ~$100 each at the time.
Even though I was using a tool with a very high tolerance for error, it was thoroughly impressed upon me that each cut I make requires consideration of the danger I am exposing myself to.
I use a $150 table saw today, and for every cut I make I run through a mental checklist to determine whether what I am going to be doing is within my own personal acceptable margin of safety, because that thing will not care one bit if my finger is in the way.
I'm all for safe tools, but my fear is that it grants a false sense of security for the user (in particular new ones), particularly when translating those skills to a new tool (another table saw in this case).
There's that promotional video with the hotdog where the saw doesn't even open a gash in it. Just pops right down.
That's nice and all for marketing, but the reality is that even Sawstops can mess up fingers pretty good. Sure, there's a far better chance of you keeping it, but still.
It's a last line of defense. A person really ought to act as though it isn't even there.
Table saws are probably the most dangerous power tool in the wood shop. Kick back is more likely than inadvertently sticking a finger in the blade. In fact most amputations are from kick back pulling fingers into the blade. Saw stop is amazing tech. Just be sure to use a splitter or riving knife
Well, they're 4, 2, and 2. Maybe in a couple years we'll get more adventurous with power tools. They're still working on "don't run out in front of cars"
They are thick and have a lip so you square the lip against the edge of your board and that gives you a straight edge to run your circular saw against.
No clamping, nothing complicated - your non-sawing hand holds the square against the board instead of just holding the board itself and then the saw can just run along the straight edge.
I never pick up a circular saw without picking up the large speed square. Here is a video:
One more: The stores won't cut pressure-treated for you -- "It's toxic". So you'll need a circular saw, and a good respirator, which may be hard to buy just now ...
Does anyone happen to know how toxic the new copper compounds are? Obviously they are toxic enough to microbes to make the wood rot resistant.
Also a fun fact I learned since our deck was originally built 15-20 years ago shortly after the switch-over to the new treated wood:
They needed to re-formulate the coatings they put on fasteners to hold up decent in the new treated wood. It took them a couple years to figure that out or at least for the knowledge to be widely known.
All the screws in our deck that I took out were corroded to the point that many of them looked more like toothpicks than screws when I removed them.
Buy some ratchet straps and be bold — you can drag home plywood on the roof of your car. Just batten it down well. (Unless you’re very precious about the finish of your car)
buy a few swimming pool noodles and put them underneath the load, very cheap and effective. Put a twist in the lengths of ratchet straps too and it will prevent them whistling at speed
if you're at a big box store like home depot/lowes, and you find yourself without the swimming noodles you can substitute the outdoor pipe insulation that comes in long foam tubes. or look in the moving supplies area for furniture pads.
Many home improvement stores also let you rent a truck for something in the neighborhood of $20.
Also, you could check with your local lumber yard. Their products are often slightly more expensive, but also significantly higher quality. Plus, the one I go to will deliver for free within city limits.
Maybe I screwed it up, I’m not the best developer ever. I took their sample code to extract the depth data from front camera and this worked - switching to .back caused it to return a nil device, so didn’t really know where to go after that.
The biggest drawbacks of Swift are the legacy relationships it has to the Apple ecosystem.
Yet swift is open source, and Apple and the community can fork it if they so choose. This is great news for me personally as an iOS developer and an ML noob who doesn't want to write Python. I can't comment on Julia because I have no experience with it, but I applaud the efforts to build the Swift ecosystem to challenge Python.
I think a lot of the criticisms so far are that it's early days for Swift in ML, and that's one point the author is emphasizing.
I'm an iOS developer deeply familiar with Swift and on the path of learning ML. The irritation with "import Foundation" is understandable. Foundation is, wait for it, the Foundation of Objective-C programming and development for the iPhone. It's a library Swift makes use of and needs to inter-op with due to legacy concerns for iOS and Mac developers.
It's not an inherent part of Swift the language, and efforts like those at Google and the open source development of Swift can develop more modern and suitable replacements for those libraries.
I like python, but man I really don't want to make large systems in it. Swift is a great language, and imo the biggest thing holding it back is that it's intertwined with a lot of Apple code. But it doesn't need to stay that way, and for that reason I applaud the efforts to move it beyond just an "app creation" language.
I recently finished going through MIT OCW's linear algebra class from Gilbert Strang. Without the struggle of doing the assignments, reading the text, and watching the lectures, I don't think I would have ever learned the content. While content like this and that from 3blue1brown are commendable and useful, it simply would not have lodged the ideas into my head.
Now that the ideas of things like vector spaces, norms, orthogonality, rank, basis, etc are nearly second nature, the concepts are useful as I study other branches of math which would feel impenetrable otherwise.
YMMV, and if you can learn from condensed materials go for it, but I might be too dumb for it work lol. I think the real benefit accrues to the author who had to work out how to teach these concepts to others.
My experience from a decade of doing professional maths is that there are no shortcuts. You only learn maths by doing hundreds (thousands) of exercises, both mundane and more exctiting.
Also, the concepts "mature" in the brain. I remember sleepless nights in the first year of undergrad spent on understanding the details of the proof of the Jordan decomposition and a few years later (when studying algebraic groups) it all felt trivial.
There's no shortcut to understanding maths, just a lot of time spent in solitude trying to make sense of all these abstract concepts (and they DO make sense).
I agree, and have to admit that my own knowledge of LA is sadly way too superficial. The article did give a me a big lightbulb on something I didn't understand before: Some of my friends work in quantitative sociology and economics, and use Stata for their programming needs. They basically use matrices as their exclusive data structure, and the reason for that eluded me until after reading this article.
> While content like this and that from 3blue1brown are commendable and useful, it simply would not have lodged the ideas into my head.
I'm not sure I understand your point. Are you just saying that this blog post isn't an adequate substitute for taking a course in linear algebra? (Of course it isn't. But who said it was?)
Unfortunately, for a lot of people, including undergraduates, the dopamine hit they get from watching a video or passively reading a textbook makes them believe that these are adequate substitutes for doing thousands of exercises.
In my university, undergraduates have admitted that they have done fewer than 50 questions throughout the entirety of my math course. Their grades obviously reflect that, but they will do the same next semester.
Can I press you to explain what you think dopamine is/does?
I'm curious because I'm a neuroscientist who occasionally works on dopaminergic stuff and "passively reading a textbook" is so far from the canonical examples we use for dopamine activity, but the idea of dopamine/dopamine 'hits' has taken on a life of its own that seems quite different from the neurotransmitter.
I am a physicist, so I will dare not make any technical neuroscience claims. I meant "dopamine" in the causal sense of people feeling pleasure from passively reading a book because they think it is useful work.
There is a lot of excitement around machine learning and AI and there is not a proportional excitement for the math that underlies the theory.
In a lot of content that teaches machine learning/AI, the linear algebra substrate of it is given short shrift.
The consumers of that content infer that the backing mathematics is easy or unimportant, while the creators of the content are not actually implying that, but just want to move on to what the audience came for.
I'm not an expert in machine learning so I can't say whether you can get by without a strong understanding of linear algebra, but my intuition answer is no you can't. Beside that, I enjoy the math for its own sake so I'm happy to trudge through the textbooks.
And no, I don't think the blog post makes any claims that it is a subsitute for taking a course in linear algebra.
3blue1brown himself has told in his videos that they are not substitute for books and working out the exercise and he recommends reading from books and his videos are for inspiration and as a supplement.
I disagree. Maybe you'll remember it not as well if you don't do exercises, but there is no reason you can't learn from a blogpost (which is trivial to prove since you can just copy-paste the contents of a book in the form of one or more blogposts).
What your parent comment meant was that it is not possible to learn well from typical blog posts like this that try to condense the subject into a 3000 word article. Of course, if you copy-paste the content of a book into a blog post, then parent comment's point no longer applies.
