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> The energy turnover of 1.3 gigajoule was achieved with an average heating power of 2.7 megawatts, whereby the discharge lasted 480 seconds.

Can a physicist/thermal engineer explain what this means?


They heated the plasma with a power of 2.7 MW for 480 s which in total deposited 2.7 MW × 480 s = 1296 MJ, i.e. 1.3 GJ, of energy into the plasma heating it up. That is the energy of 310 kg of TNT (4.184 MJ/kg) or burning 38 l of gasoline (34.2 MJ/l). Keep in mind that this energy was deposited into the plasma which has a mass of only about 10 mg.


> Experiments have been unable to find a binary encoding that is smaller or faster than a plain text encoding

Why does postgres do it then?


https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/datatype-json.html

Long story short: json is a modified text field, jsonb is a specialized binary format that can be loaded without the overhead of parsing. Only jsonb supports indexing.


Can you share your opinions on appendix and cancer?


> fertility rates tend to fall below the level needed to maintain the population, 2.1 children per woman.

Why 2.1 and not 2?


"The United Nations Population Division defines sub-replacement fertility as any rate below approximately 2.1 children born per woman of childbearing age, but the threshold can be as high as 3.4 in some developing countries because of higher mortality rates. Taken globally, the total fertility rate at replacement was 2.33 children per woman in 2003"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-replacement_fertility


You've got a like 1/9 chance of dying by 21 I've heard. It's probably wrong but a decent amount of people die before they are able to have kids so they add a 0.1 to the replacement level.


More like 1-2% in the US, you can check it using an actuarial table: https://www.ssa.gov/oact/STATS/table4c6.html


I think at least infant mortality and gender imbalance at birth (more boys are born than girls) require it to be above 2.


Some percentage of children are going to die before getting a chance to have their own children.


0.1 kids per woman are expected to die without procreating.


To account for people who die before reproducing.


You need $50k worth of hardware to run gpt4.


Ok?

That’s 2500 $20 payments and you are made while in one month.


Mind posting a breakdown of this cost?


That's probably how we'll see AI take over. AI will prescribe and humans will do the manual labor.


Literally every other animal on the planet https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kfGEUmkQv1k


And air


And wi-fi


Nukes. everywhere.


It might be possible to create a new kind of transistor that turns on/off by changing the superconductivity of the conducting material.


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