I’m really shocked that everyone is running to cyclical industrial/construction type jobs that are great in an economic expansion, but awful in a downturn.
The metric here is Does the car exhibit problems on an inspection checklist, not is th car reliable. Broken VW are either repaired or scrapped and dont see the light of TUV. VW owners service cars regularly once a year like a clockwork so all the minor ripped rubbers, misaligned headlights, suspension alignment problems, leaking shocks, exhaust leaks, indicator lights etc are routinely tested. Tesla cars dont need _any_ of that. A lot of owners change tires and keep driving until weird smells (cabin filter) or ride harshness (clapped out bushings) starts to really annoy. Its quit common to see Teslas for sale here with untouched suspension and parts grinding metal on metal.
I suspect Toyota might also be a victim of its own reliability. Why would you pay for full service when cars dont break during first 5 years of ownership.
They need to come up with an ip solution that is useful enough that people actually want to upgrade to it.
When you compare it to other technologies like https, tls1.3, unicode, 5g cellular, wifi 6, wifi 5 or bluetooth versions, etc. It’s clear that ipv6 adoption is not what it should be if they launched a protocol with clearer benefits to the end user.
> It’s clear that ipv6 adoption is not what it should be if they launched a protocol with clearer benefits to the end user.
The "end user" has no idea about TLS 1.3 or many other things. It's the techies that work behind the scenes that make the changes 'on behalf' of everyone else.
And IPv6 traffic is, according to Google, the majority of traffic it sees in many countries (including the US at >52%):
The 'real' holdouts are enterprise companies and corporate networks as evidenced by the fact that IPv6 usage goes up on weekends (i.e., when most people aren't at work on said corporate networks). See also:
> Chances are if you use the Internet on your smartphone, you are connecting via IPv6. According to the Internet Society’s 2018 State of IPv6 Deployment,[1] 80% of smartphones in the US on the major cellular network operators use IPv6 and major mobile networks are driving IPv6 adoption with Verizon Wireless at 84%, Sprint at 70%, T-Mobile USA at 93%, and AT&T Wireless at 57%. Plus, some mobile networks are taking the step to run IPv6-only to simplify network operations and reduce costs.
Being able to connect your smartphone to the Internet seems like a clear benefit to the end user IMHO. Would hate to see what every mobile phone being behind CG-NAT would be like.
I think smartphones are a special case, because they generally cannot run public facing services that open up ports and are specifically designed to be hardened for ipv6 and designed to work in conjunction with the carrier's ipv6 firewall/network.
Compare that to a home network where, printers are shared, iot devices have open ports, computers and nas share drives. IPv6 may address the needs of cellular carriers and devices, but it doesn't adequately address the needs of small local networks connecting to the internet.
> I think smartphones are a special case, because they generally cannot run public facing services that open up ports […]
Except for peer-to-peer applications, like Skype used to be originally: clients (tried to) talked directly to each other. IMHO it'd be great if we could have app(lication)s that worked like that again: less centralization.
> Compare that to a home network where, printers are shared, iot devices have open ports, computers and nas share drives.
Off the top of my head: your CPE/home router has an internal CA; you tell a local app(lication) to 'connect to' the CA and get a certificate (ACME, SCEP, etc); your home IoTs/NAS/etc also connect to the CA and get certificates; so all your personal devices have a root of trust. You 'bookmark' the IPv6 address of your printer/NAS/whatever. When you are away from home you want to connect to (e.g.) NAS, so you tell your smartphone to connect to it, and it knows the IPv6 address, but how can the CPE or NAS know that this random IP that is trying to connect is trusted?
Well, it uses IPsec negotiation and sends the X.509 certificate, and the other end of the tunnel (NAS) sees that the cert is trusted, and so allows the tunnel to be connected. If a connection attempt is made with an untrusted certificate the negotiation fails.
Of course if you don't want your NAS to allow external connections you don't enable the feature (default: off), and so it never punches a hole (PCP, UPnP IGD). And given a IPv6 subnet is /64 (the equivalent of four billion IPv4 Internets), good luck trying to scan that address space (and it is generally recommended to give residential users a /56).
As it stands now, you have to have third party tunnels (Wiregaurd, Tailscale, etc) and 'extra' protocols on top of IP (often dynamic DNS as well) to do the above, whereas with IPv6 universal connectivity can become part of the 'base network' architecture.
All that I’m saying is that the marketplace is not convinced that IPv6 works better for a local network than IPv4 with NAT and DHCP.
It’s more secure and more private for users that aren’t security or network engineers.
My prosumer $1,000 networking setup isn’t sufficient to run certificates and IPv6 firewall the way you’ve described and I don’t feel qualified to setup what you are suggesting. I can get a $50 router and setup a reasonably secure IPv4 with NAT and DHCP in 15 minutes.
Yeah, IPv6 is heavily tuned to the needs of the large-scale network operators, and is actively worse for the regular user and small networks.
From user/small admin standpoint, the goal is to re-use as much admin knowledge as possible - and what's on the wire does not really matter. So the ideal IPv4 upgrade _for users_ is IPv4 with larger addresses, but otherwise behaving identically. Ideally all the admin tooling stays the same, and the software needs changing some struct names, and tweaking IP regex. And sure, it'll all be different on the wire and all the OS'es need to be upgraded - but that is not a problem, consumer OS'es live only for a few years anyway.
From large network operator standpoint, the goal is improve efficiency of the huge networks. So lets eliminate NAT everywhere, completely redo host addressing, get rid of DHCP, and so on - redesign everything from scratch so it's "better". Sure, it's a huge learning curve but they have departments full of network engineers, they can do it. They are not some part-time sysadmins who just want their network to keep functioning.
I have MultiWAN on OPNsense. My PC IP is always 192.168.0.12. My router decides which upstream it should go. If I go full IPv6, router should derive double IPv6 from both WANs and if main upstream goes down, stop advertising IPv6 from main upstream. Or stop advertising gateway. I don't know what is the right IPv6 way of doing MultiWAN.
Not only PC may change IP, but also servers. Legacy IPv4 DNS can be extended to IPv6, but that mechanical action is not flexible enough. With IPv6 we need to be able to mass replace IPv6 /64 prefix leaving all suffixes intact. We probably need /64 prefix alias system. Software is not prepared for this. In IPv4 SNAT and DNAT were being these "aliases". If NAT is not an option anymore, then DNS must step in.
For many server software it just not possible to listen on multiple IPv6 address. Last time I tried MySQL, it just could not listen on multiple addresses. I could not make it listen on IPv4 and IPv6, specifying two addresses. MySQL server wanted just one address. This address could be [::], which means all interfaces and all protocols. And Linux implements some stupid hack to accept IPv4 connections to IPv6 socket. And Windows Vista also adopted this brainrot. But this is all wrong. Servers have to learn to listen to multiple IPs. This is normal. And for good IPv6 servers should learn to not only listen on multiple IPs, most wanted multiple IPv6, but also rebind listeners on the fly. If I got disconnected from ISP, reconnected by DHCPv6, and ISP assigned another IPv6 prefix, then DynDNS should update all my zones to new /64 prefix, and all servers in my network should rebind listeners.
Or else we may abandon all that TRUE IPv6 philosophy and do SNAT in DNAT in IPv6 just like in IPv4, but with wider address space. But then again, software (another software) is not quite ready for this. Software is expecting public IPv6 address to be just reachable. And private IPv6 address to be just unreachable.
That's illustrates my point well - the "TRUE IPv6" philosophy is major changes in every network-facing user software.. that's why it has been 20+ years and it's not done yet.
And the justification of "Software is expecting public IPv6 address to be just reachable" is super silly. You have to be crazy in this day-and-age to operate without firewall. Every office, every home network should have "default-deny" policy from the internet. So no, your software should not expect to be reachable even once IPv6 adoption is complete.
Probably for the same reason that OpenSSH's `sk` implementation also still needs a private key file (even for the "resident key" option): You need to be able to point OpenSSH's various tools to something in an identity context, and that something traditionally is a private key file.
The article even mentions that it doesn't contain any sensitive data:
> Note that the "private" key here is just a reference to the FIDO credential. It does not contain any secret key material.
It's a slightly different story for non-resident `sk`-backed keys; these actually require the private key file since the hardware authenticator itself is (or at least can be) stateless. (It's still not a security risk if it ever leaks, but it's an availability risk if it's ever lost.)
Not sure if macOS's backing implementation is stateful or stateless (or some unfortunate hybrid of both; i.e., it might just store a stateful wrapped key in some system-level keychain in a way that intransparently breaks if the OS is ever reinstalled, but also doesn't allow querying an intact system for any existing credentials).
Every time I go to Mcdonald’s, I just think wow, I should have gone to Chipotle. Less expensive and healthier. Better in just about every way. Except no drive thru and you get less food if you order online with Chipotle
You're not going to get value at Chipotle anymore, also somewhat sadly. Order a burrito and you're going to get a big flour wrap with a tiny lump of rice and meat in the very center. These guys have cost-cut themselves to death, just like everywhere else.
Not for nothing, but I wish there was an anonymized ai built into a kagi that was able to have normal conversation discussion about sexual topics or search for pornographic topics like a safe search off function.
I understand the safety needs around things LLM should not build nuclear weapons, but it would be nice to have a frontier model that could write or find porn.
There is no doubt that the country caps and quotas for immigrants from countries with large populations like India, Mexico, Philippenes and China are a huge problem.
I’m not sure that anyone can really agree on a solution, but there should be some stop loss where these things can’t be delayed beyond a certain fixed length of time and/or they shouldn’t issue the initial visas if the backlog to adjust is so long.
The reason that this and most immigration law hasn’t been fixed is that while most people agree that this is a problem, there is not really a compromise solution that everyone can really agree on.
> I’m not sure that anyone can really agree on a solution, but there should be some stop loss where these things can’t be delayed beyond a certain fixed length of time and/or they shouldn’t issue the initial visas if the backlog to adjust is so long.
What initial visas? If you are talking about selectively denying non-immigrant dual-intent H-1B visas to people from countries with long timelines in some or all immigrant visa categories (not that getting an H-1B doesn't imply intent to seek to immigrate, and doesn't require qualification in an immigrant visa category), that's...well, even as someone who thinks the H-1B is a bad idea ab initio, a remarkably non-helpful policy to layer on top.
> The reason that this and most immigration law hasn’t been fixed is that while most people agree that this is a problem, there is not really a compromise solution that everyone can really agree on.
It's not just that people agree it is a problem and don't agree on a solution, people don't even agree on what the problem is though they might agree that, e.g., the long waitlists from certain countries are symptoms of some problem.
Like, when some people favor eliminating all immigration from certain countries, and other people favor eliminating per country caps, that isn't a different solution to the same problem, its a fundamental difference in what is perceived as the problem.
It is not a right, for sure. However, there are historical reasons why they are county wide quotas. Before the 1965 INA (Hart-Celler Act, which JFK wanted), they had a national-origins quota system: each country's quota was based on the existing immigrant population of that national origin already in the United States, using data from the 1890 census. Because the U.S. population in 1890 was overwhelmingly from Northern and Western Europe (especially Protestants), this formula strongly favored those groups. Immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe was heavily restricted because most of them are Catholics. Once Catholics got political power, thanks to JFK, this is reformed in favor of what we see country based caps.
The national-origins formula was explicitly designed to maintain the existing ethnic composition of the U.S.--in other words, preserve what policymakers at the time considered the “traditional” American demographic makeup.
In fact it's the opposite. We used to have a system that promoted western european, and we decided to change that. So we split them up in a way that encourages diversity. People from populous nations think this isn't fare. American's think it is explicitly fair, that our system makes sure people from all over the world come and join us, not just immigration dominated by the highest populous countries.
I understand the diversity is good, and that immigration can create that take. But I don't understand that 'immigration good, policies for diversity bad' take?
> American's think it is explicitly fair, that our system makes sure people from all over the world come and join us, not just immigration dominated by the highest populous countries.
I'm an American, and I don't understand how it is explicitly fair that India and China with areas of very large and populations of very large have the same immigration caps as Belize. Especially when something happens and Sudan becomes Sudan and South Sudan and the same people and the same area now have twice the cap; how is that explicitly fair? If India reorganized as the Union of Indian Republics (which I hope is not an offensive hypothetical name), where each state became a full country with an ISO-2 code and an ITU country code, would it be fair that each of the 36 member states have the same cap as any other country? Also, I'm not sure why the overall caps haven't changed since 1990. It feels like they should be indexed to something.
I think this version of quotas/caps is better than the previous version, but that doesn't make it explicitly fair.
I would be interested in knowing what the priority dates would look like if we adjusted the overall caps every ten years after the census to some percentage of overall US population (the 1990 cap was set at approximately 0.3%) or annually based on estimates works too, and also adjusting up the per country caps a bit too.
Basically the idea is that foreign nationals can only have as much leverage as the quota. This is based partly on old fears that European powers would recolonize the US.
Whether or not is necessary or not, I can’t say but if India separated into 500 different counties, then the US would only be catering to 500 micronations, maybe even divided on ethnic lines, and not a single powerful one which could get cultural dominance.
For a historical case, look at the British Empire. If given a large quota, most immigrants would be from the original isles because that’s who have the financial means to cross the ocean, while the billion plus people living in colonies like India wouldn’t have a chance until the Empire breaks.
No, this policy is currently kept based on our reason for immigration, to encourage diversity. We would lose that, and make immigration be basically for highly populous countries. That isn't why the USA has immigration. We don't have a system purely to get bodies in the country.
The USA is not the British Empire. The USA did away with preference for western Europeans and replaced it with a system for everyone. It pisses me off we are told we are being racist by... making sure all races get a chance to come here?
Refugee programs are separate from the immigration caps already.
If it was free for all, because of the way math works, you would get mainly immigrants from the higher populous countries. We have as our reason for high immigration being diversity, and we would lose that, and replace it with 'immigration is for Chinese/Indians/other populous countries'. That isn't why we have our immigration system, nor why people support it.
Is it fair that Bugatti Chiron has to obey the same speed limit as Geo Metro?
The country cap is the limit on the speed of immigration from that country. If we establish such a limit for any reason, why does it have to be proportional to the size of the country? If anything, it should be lower for the bigger countries if we consider this a safety measure against a country gaining too much influence, similar to trucks having lower speed limit than cars on some roads.
I have no problem with your notion of diversity. The whole EU population is 450 million, and there are 27 countries within the EU. So, the question: is China/India less diverse than the whole EU? Some say "yes"; others, "no". Both provide good reasons for their answers.
However, one can't deny the original immigration template with a variable. Original value for this variable: "national-origins". That value is replaced with "country wide quotas". The other value is f(diversity): another formula f based on the variable 'diversity'.
American citizens and their politicians have total freedom to replace the template, or change the current value for one of the variables, or replace with another variable.
Policies encouraging diversity aren't necessarily good or bad on their own. It may be that it is time to readjust those quotas based on the current needs.
Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!
America has a pretty generous immigration cap. But we have chosen as a nation that we want diverse immigration. At one time we prioritized western europeans, and we decided that wasn't a great policy. So we switched to one that encourage people from everywhere. This is what American's want, diverse immigration. I don't get how that somehow is bad? I don't get how more populous nations should have greater representation. Again, we had larger groups from certain countries (western europe) and we decided we SPECIFICALLY don't want that, that that isn't fair immigration policy and isn't part of America's diversity. We aren't going back to that.
As time goes on, the rejection of the idea of US-born people being "natives" in the sense that the rest of the world uses the term, simply because we have another term, "Native Americans" (which, as you will notice, is a proper noun), with a different meaning, is getting more and more dishonest. Yes, language is funny. Yes, the origins of nations are tragic if you go back far enough, and future citizens inherit the distributed weight of that guilt (but not the responsibility). But now, we have 300 million living people whose practical reality we would like discuss, and on that topic you are free and encouraged to disagree with anybody.
It's an argument based on a value. The parent's position is ostensibly that the value does not currently survive contact with concrete reality in the US today.
This sneering oversimplification pushes people away from generosity. It's ok to see and have emotions about the very real negative side of immigration. Lumping all those people in with the theoretical "just racist with no other rationale" crowd is harmful.
"This sneering oversimplification pushes people away from generosity. "
If you don't like "sneering oversimplification" you're really not gonna like it when you find out what smug "I'm the adult in the room" rhetoric does to both how you're perceived by interlocutors and the limitations on your own ability to work out the logic of these situations.
No it didn't. Putting up a candidate that talked about the stars and the moonlight instead of real problems Americans have got you Orange Man 2.0. To think, that they played the same game they did with Hillary and thought they could get away with it should really get you angry with party leadership.
I don't see how this is a counterpoint to my opinion. You can cultivate the generosity of natives to be open to immigration to whatever degree you think is just (e.g. by declining to use mockery/hate as your default position toward anybody who thinks there is any problem with the state of immigration), and you can do that regardless of your generosity level toward a political party that on average is more conservative or more hateful on immigration than the other. But that seems obvious, so I'm not sure what you're saying.
Idk about US, but in Europe we are in dire need of migration. The shortage in for example health care is acute and alarming, at least in Germany.
Our cleaning women is just about to finish her three year training program. However she failed the final exam because of the complicated wording of the test. Her German is good enough but formal German is a different beast. She is allowed to redo the test a single time next week.
If she passes, she will have an official German degree but has to leave the country because her visa is based on the training program. She then has to reapply for another visa to be allowed to reenter Germany.
Completely dysfunctional in my opinion. The system should bring people in that will be a net positive for the country while filtering out criminals.
I think you just don't want to pay those professions adequately.
Additionally I believe non eu migration on average hasn't been a net positive in various western european without even taking into account a load of externalities.
Why do you believe that it hasn't been a net positive? Talking about regular migration, not refugees, and it's quite difficult to migrate to Germany, the country makes sure that you are a net positive to at least the economics (everything else can't be measured on an individual basis).
Because it hasn't been in the places where it was measured adequately with a similar makeup.
And typically it's not even close.
You can find papers on this from the netherlands (look up borderless welfare state, university of amsterdam), denmark, etc
Certain demographic historically brought in to work(morocco, etc) cost on average few hundreds of thousands.
This mostly trough abysmal employment statistics (the majority of non eu migrant women here in brussels is neither working nor looking for work, among men it's still >30%) and lower income employment which also costs the country on average.
And this is despite a whole hosts of internationals that come in for the higher paying jobs at the international companies, etc.
Pragmatically: if you want to enforce the legality of a state-affirmed migration path, it has to be viable. Without a militarized border (which is impractical based on nation size and undesirable for fiscal and moral reasons) and a militarized interior (do you _like_ what ICE is becoming?), the best mitigation for illegal immigration is viable legal immigration.
Fiscally: immigrants have above-average entrepreneurial tendencies. It doesn't take a lot of enterprise creations and resulting tax payment and job creation to offset a _lot_ of social service consumption. Inbound migration also is what keeps the US from having a net-shrinking population, which until we can get away from late-stage capitalism is a death knell for the economy.
Morally and ethically: this is a nation of immigrants. If you claim to be a native, do you speak Navajo? Ute?
"Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she
It's not a poem that _I_ wrote. That would be silly. You don't have to share _my_ feelings.
It's inscribed on a plaque at the base of the Statue of Liberty and is taught in civics classes as a representation of American values. The idea is that, when you live in a society, you build upon a set of shared values and stories so that you can have something in common with your neighbor and something bigger than yourself to strive for.
All that said, there's a reason that comes last on my list of reasons. If you and I agree on the shared story, the other stuff doesn't matter so much. If we don't, having pragmatic and fiscal reasons to get on the same page lets us at least stay rational in our discourse.
> It's inscribed on a plaque at the base of the Statue of Liberty and is taught in civics classes as a representation of American values
It was created by an activist looking to further Jewish and Georgian causes in the late 19th century. Id argue she wasn’t pushing for American causes and sought to redefine them to include her groups.
> The idea is that, when you live in a society, you build upon a set of shared values and stories so that you can have something in common with your neighbor and something bigger than yourself to strive for.
This is a relatively new idea (the inscription you described above came after the Statue of Liberty). Civic nationalism does not work with the entire world as opposed to immigrants of European descent, as they do not generally share the individualist egalitarian mindset that is unique to the west. There’s ample evidence of this in the US, but the conversation usually devolves into racism accusations at that point.
I don’t know why you’re getting downvoted. We’d probably find a fair amount of disagreement in our points of view, but I appreciate your engaging in good faith.
It’s not a bad thing per se, but democratic action can produce cultural shift to something that was previously considered outside of the scope of your country’s way of life. What matters is what you want to achieve as a country, a society, a community and so on. This is something groups of people have to decide for themselves, and the worst form of disagreement is violence.
I am of the view that more than 10 countries in the world should be built on enlightenment ideals, have a rule of law, have systems and processes for providing a good quality of life, and have centers of education and productivity.
I don’t think it’s reasonable that we should shift billions of people to live in a handful of nations via immigration. If that’s the overall plan, then nations where those people are immigrating from should just become vassal states.
It isn’t necessarily, but it’s currently used in the US to allow the wealthy to avoid investing in Americans.
Instead of investing in Americans by lowering costs of necessities (food, housing, education, children) they chase short term profits for the benefits of shareholders (which is by and large the ultra rich). It’s much cheaper to import labor where the above costs were paid for by somebody else.
The American people have spoken time and again that we want these caps. That we want opportunity spread to more countries than just the most populace. That immigration policy should support diversity over other considerations.
The reason this hasn't been fixed is because most American's support current policy along with promoting family unification and other decisions that are based on our moral positions. America has set a pretty generous amount of immigration slots, and it's not broken that we chose to fill them in a diverse way.
> That we want opportunity spread to more countries than just the most populace. That immigration policy should support diversity over other considerations.
There's an unspoken assumption there that India and China are monocultures, containing no diversity within themselves. Or that diversity is neatly defined by a border on a map.
Those four countries have very different quota problems though: folks from Mexico and Philippines face a long wait in family immigration, mostly to bring their kids & siblings to the US ( https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/legal/visa-law0/v... ), whereas Indian nationals also face long waits for employment based green-cards.
Noting that you can always use your country of birth or your spouse's country of birth (cross-chargeability) for an employment-based green-card, my understanding has always been that Indians have large preference (or face large pressure) to marry other highly-educated folks that they often meet in the US but are also born in India that other immigrants just don't face as much.
> Those four countries have very different quota problems though: folks from Mexico and Philippines face a long wait in family immigration, mostly to bring their kids & siblings to the US
Mexico faces long wait times in all of the quota-limited family-based immigrant visa categories.
The Phillipines faces a few months longer wait time in one severelly globally backlogged family based category (F4; where there is a 17 year backlog for most countries and its 3 months longer for the Phillipines), but not otherwise.
India and China have long backlogs in most employment-based immigrant visa categories (but generally much less than Mexico has in family-based categories), India also has an longer-than-usual backlog (more than Phillipines, less than Mexico) in the F4 family based category.
I think they could at least offer some sort of reprieve for people waiting in line. Their status is tied to employer whims. If someone has lived in the country for 5 years and in line for citizenship perhaps give them some protection in case their employment gets taken away. Some grace period, perhaps access to healthcare.
I suspect that the amount of background legwork for each application is fairly limited. It should be possible to triage the vast majority of applications in a matter of days at most, at least the denials. It's wild that it takes years to do this.
The really long waits aren't processing backlogs they are quota backlogs, either global (because the total annual cap in a category is or was recently lower than the annual nuber of applicants, so there it takes a period of years for quota space to be available globally) or on a per-country basis (because in each category, only 7% of the annual quota can go to applicants from one country, regardless of the distribution of applications.)
Though the processing times are also ridiculously and inexcusably long, in most categories.
Considering that there are over 2M immigrants per year and the USCIS staff is about 20K, it's actually pretty quick. If all USCIS did was just immigration it would still be ~100 immigrants per year per employee or about 2 workdays per immigrant. Even considering that some of those are dependents on the same case, it's still pretty fast. But USCIS also handles all the non-immigrant stuff: CoS, AoS, asylums, etc so they don't dedicate their whole workforce to the immigration and the actual caseload is higher than this estimate.
You've clearly never seen someone go for citizenship. It's a relatively involved process that involves multiple interviews, character reference letters, lots of paperwork, etc.
Getting a greencard (or equivalent) is an entirely different thing and is even _more_ broken.
I've known several people who've done it. I wasn't trying to argue that there isn't a lot of manual labor going on. But I'm doubting how much of that labor extends beyond interfacing with the applicant.
Are they interviewing references outside the country? Doing deep background checks that are not basically instant electronically? That's what I'm talking about. The denial process can probably be made extremely fast, and then the tedious interview part can be focused only on the ones we are planning to accept otherwise.
You're probably right that the background checks aren't that intensive, but every other part of that process is. If needing 2+ interviewers for 15-30 minutes per candidate isn't labor intensive, I don't know what your definition is.
No its not. It's a 3-step process with only one in person interview involved. I've helped 2 people go through that process in the last 2 years.
1) Submit an application and fee. Along with additional documentation (if any). Then wait for biometrics appointment notification.
2) Go to appointed date for biometrics. (Finger printing, photos). Takes about 30 minutes. No different than appointment for TSA Pre-check or Global entry.
3) Go for naturalization interview. If accepted, then usually interviewer will let the person know that they've been approved for naturalization. They'll receive an email/letter indicating date , time and location of the naturalization ceremony/oath.
Of course, depending on the area of the country you live in , the time between the above 3 steps varies. From 90 days to upwards of a year or more. Also, the above is for most people. But there could be some complicated cases where a person has to make multiple in-person visits. But regarding interview, there is only one.
There was bipartisan immigration legislation working its way through Congress, until the president killed it because it went against his "immigration bad" narrative.
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