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Psiloscoby: Psilocybin Brewed by Kombucha (invisible.college)
217 points by greyface- on Nov 27, 2020 | hide | past | favorite | 105 comments


As a cancer survivor, I can confirm the absolutely amazing, life-changing effect that psilocybin had on my depression. After cancer, it gets really difficult to "reintegrate" with society. Most conversations sound absolutely pointless, I felt like there was less grip surface between the concept of me and almost everyone. The depressions after cancer are commonplace, and mine were strong, too. The difference in depression recurrence and intensity after a single 3g dose of psilocybe cubensis was spectacular. After a couple of months I started on psilocybin micro doses and, so far, along with hormone replacement therapy (I lost a testicle to cancer), I'm finally feeling OK. Much better than OK. :D


Hey there,

happy about your recovery both physical and psychological. How did you come across psylo and Could you share how you learned and planned your dosing ?


I am not the person you replied to, however spores are readily available online in many nations (they are absent psilocybin/psilocin, and thus are often unregulated and lawfully sold as syringes or prints), and techniques like "PF Tek" are simple, well documented, and speedy.



I would love to hear more about this too.


Odds are, HRT is doing all the muscle work.

Low-dosage testosterone is already prescribed to despondent older adults in "cosmetic psychopharmacology" circles.


That's awesome, thank you for sharing!


I have three friends who all have or have had hppd. I find this lax attitude of psilocybin worrying especially when nobody seems to warn about the dangers of hppd.

One friend of mine had it for 6months and was lucky that it passed away, the two others are in a living hell and will never have a normal life again.

I know its supposed to be rare, but the amount of people i read of having some form of it is too many for me to believe that there are a hidden majority of users that has gotten it and wont report for various reasons.


>The two others are in a living hell and will never have a normal life again.

With that degree of seriousness it can be not HPPD but underlying psychosis or schizophrenia that has been activated by the drug. It happens with cannabis too. I hope they are followed by a psychiatrist and on proper medication.

I agree with you. I believe psychedelics open a door in in the brain that can never close back. A lot of people have psychiatric fragilities and have no business trying these substances. Hppd occurence is closely related to past psychiatric symptoms like anxiety or depression.

One heavy dose of mushrooms significantly & permanently altered my visual perception: I see colors a lot brighter, a lot more saturated, and with tones & hues I wasn't really perceiving before. It's not technically an hallucination I don't think it's hppd, but it's something.


> it can be not HPPD but underlying psychosis or schizophrenia that has been activated by the drug

This is crucial part - tons of folks are a mess inside, and either it will never manifest fully (but they won't be perfectly normal balanced happy human beings either, just some grey zone), or it will with some shock - be it car crash, heavy alcohol use, tough breakup, death in close family or psychedelics for example.

My first GF's father had permanent paranoid schizophrenia triggered just by episode of heavy drinking during mandatory military service. Fucked up for rest of his life, on heavy medications.

Its not as rare in the population as we would like to think, still carries a heavy stigma with it so folks don't talk about it unless they have to.


That's one of my low-key worries in life. People go through life apparantly happy and healthy, and then bam some event unlocks or triggers something and they spend the rest of their life with crippling, life changing mental illness.


I think you can alleviate a lot of your anxiety (as far as you can without hacking the anxiety itself with, say, cbt) by being in tune with your body and not ignoring potential early symptoms of conditions that leave these lasting effects.

Combine that with only doing "allergy" doses first (think, peanut dust that would trigger your throat to swell, but not close as if you had taken a spoonfull of peanut butter), and you really will be okay.

As a pro tip I tell everyone exploring lsd/shrooms - always have a benzo on handy. If you need to end the trip NOW, it'll almost for sure do the trick. If you may be susecptible to mental trauma, you will be doing no one a favor by "pushing through" it.

Message me if you want :)


I have benzos as a safety net during my trips, and it occured to me that it may be a really bad idea to take them.

During a trip I lived what people describe as an "ego death", where I saw myself disappearing and dying, and it was the most frightening experience of my life. Not only was I completely unable to take a benzo at this point, but it is very much a death and rebirth movement as described by Leary in the psychedelic experience. If I was pulled out from that movement without completing it, I don't know what would have happened. I think I would have been left seriously shaken and disturbed. It was crucial perceiving myself coming back to existence in order to feel "me" again.

Sometimes "bad trips" aren't "bad", they're learning experiences meant to be completed, even if it is tough.


I'm imagining a "Do not shutdown while OS is installing" message pulsing in mid-air...


can you tell me more about "benzo" ?


Benzodiazepines, a type of (mostly) tranquilizers


I recommend biking through midtown Manhattan: nothing like playing real life frogger to let go of vague fears!


> It's not technically an hallucination I don't think it's hppd, but it's something.

I think you just learend to pay attention to nuance in color and color combinations. I had similiar experience without psychedelics after taking a course on color and color composition by a graphic artist. The course was a combination of traditional color and composition theory with art therapy.

My perception was never the same after, i learned to find joy in stopping for a moment and contemplating the things i see. Even if it is a trashcan with peeling layers of fading paint.


This is happening to me right now!

I just took edibles daily for ~5 weeks. I haven't taken them for ~1.5 weeks and my perception has completely changed. They pulled me out of my head and thoughts, I am now much more aware of my body sensations and visually aware of the things around me, colors, angles, layouts. It feels like a completely different world.

In my early 20's I had similar experience that I would have absolutely described has hppd. I smoked heavily for ~6 months and when I stopped it was so unsettling and caused me extreme anxiety and mental anguish; my visual perception of the world was completely different. There was a 'before' and 'after' perception and my mind couldn't accept it. I had crippling anxiety, would avoid people, couldn't hold a job, would have panic attacks and believed I was going crazy. It was literally hell.


Were you microdosing?


5mg indica. It got me functionally stoned. I'd only do it in evenings/night. I couldn't work, but I could still read for leisure, drive, run/exercise.


I know what you are talking about, I went through the same things learning how to paint and color theory.

But it is not the same with the effects of the mushrooms. My visual perception has significantly changed. The day after, the tree I see from my kitchen was not the same.


No they had no mental problems prior to it. One of them has constant visual snow combined with hallucination like visions, the first year it was a great source of anxiety and depression. now that has settled, but not being able to focus on text and music because of the visual snow and other issues really makes his life not normal.

My other friend also have visual snow and a constant dulling of his mind.

They did not take big doses and never had major problems before this.


I love my LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline, but I agree with you. And this is the result of the war on drugs. If these things were legal we would know more about these dangers.

There is also the fact that both LSD and psilocybin activate the 5-HT2B receptor, which is linked to the formation of 'valvular strands', which can lead to valvular heart disease, potentially. And almost nobody is talking about this!

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17950805/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19505264/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21440001/


This is a really good point. I had a friend who was interested in psychedelics who told me about similar neutral to negative changes in perception. He observed a number of changes:

- Night vision changed and became impaired by 'visual noise'

- 'Auras' or 'halos' around lights became extremely exaggerated

- Letters were occasionally harder to read as switching to a new sentence would leave a burned-in impression of the previous sentence overlapping on the new text

I honestly find these changes fascinating but it would probably be quite frightening for people not expecting possible perceptual changes. If it was me and I didn't know any better I'd think I was 'stuck in a trip' or 'permanently broken.' I wonder if people have ever lost it from having thoughts like that before. Definitely not a toy.


I have the visual noise as well, seems to be by far the most common HPPD symptom. I sometimes get burned-in impressions of things I look at, but thankly not with text. However, I can sometimes see faint but complex patterns on walls that are not there.

The intensity oscillates, and I definitely have the thoughts that I am stuck in an endless trip and have definitely considered the possibility of having caused irreparable harm to myself to the tune of being 'permanently broken'.

The cheerier side of this is that the anxiety caused by most of these effects improved considerably simply by improving my diet. One important thing to keep in mind is that the perceptive changes themselves are absolutely harmless and only serve to exacerbate existing anxieties, if allowed to do so. If I am feeling good, they only serve as additional spice to my daily experience.


I've had these symptoms my whole life (and still do), so it makes me wonder if already having chronic visual disturbances can play a role in developing or "preventing " [1] HPPD.

[1] If you already have the symptoms can you get HPPD?


This is where I am pretty conflicted.

I have ingested numerous hallucinogenic drugs, most of them when I was very young. I can only assume that I suffer from HPPD due to the eerily similar symptoms that I experience on a daily basis. However, it appears to me that marijuana had much more of an impact on my daily perception and I experienced it as the catalyst that causes my aberrant perception to be considered a disability. Today I consume no psychoactive drugs other than my prescribed antidepressants.

That said, no one can be sure. There is no reliable way to diagnose HPPD since the change in perception could be caused by any number of confounding factors, and "a change" is not enough to cause discomfort, the effect needs to cause anxiety or disability to be considered a medical condition.

Even with this I really wish countries would fund psilocybin research because the number of unknown factors are too large for people to be self-medicating with substances that cause temporary insanity. "Increased entropy of the brain" is absolutely what it causes, but there is no reason to assume that the change caused is entirely beneficial.

Edit:

I feel like I didn't get my point across well enough or communicate all that I wanted to.

A component of a psychedelic experience is that you feel like nothing is ever "quite the same" afterwards. If you are prone to mental illness in any way, it is very easy to attribute it to the drug. It is hard to know whether the drug caused your change in perception, or it just made a pre-existing condition more noticeable. That however just gets us kind of into a chicken-egg situation of whether the mental condition would have had much impact without the ingestion of the drug. In any case, this is understandably an incredibly grey area.

That said, psilocybin definitely has an effect that lasts at least a few months after ingestion and some effects that last a lifetime as far as I can tell. In my case the shorter-acting effect is overwhelmingly positive, and the longer-lasting effect is mixed, but I don't really regret it. I can easily imagine this having a large contributing factor to my current condition and is one of the reasons why I warn people before taking psychedelic drugs. It has the potential for impacting your life and perspective in ways you can not even begin to predict, and I cannot emphasize enough how much you can not assume that all the changes will be positive. I suffer from an anxiety disorder that seems to be passed genetically, and this has caused some after effects of hallucinogens, especially the ones affecting my perception, to become VERY uncomfortable.

The problem that I have though is that psilocybin is also, in my experience, an incredibly effective countermeasure against anxiety and depression. It gives you the ability especially to change your behavior in very radical ways which can be essential in breaking the vicious cycle that anxiety and depression often is.

My opinion on the matter is that there is definitely great potential here, but it is not to be taken lightly. I believe psilocybin has amazing potential, but it needs to be researched and its effects observed as scientifically as possible before we have uninformed people (like younger me) ingesting it without taking the proper precautions and being aware of the possible negative effects.


At the same time, when you factor in memory degridation on each recall and ever changing perspective - it'll drive you wild trying to match objective benchmarks with subjective tools.

Marijauna, while often a "light" drug, has quite the ability to pull mental difficulties currently just under the surface in to the top. People often stop dreaming/having REM sleep the same if they smoke before bed, which can't be good long term.

This is yet another reason we should be pushing for full legalization of all substances. Being able to go buy Xmg of pure psilocybin with no contamination and a constant dose is so very imporatant (defunding the cartels is just a fun side benefit to citizens safety.)


Been seeing a lot of Psilocybin on the front of HN lately and I'm loving it. With Oregon legalizing it, I can't wait to try it out.


I have a neutral opinion on Psilocybin in general, but beware the selection bias in internet comment sections. Positive comments get upvoted and praised, negative experiences get dismissed with a mix of victim blaming (usually "set and setting" comments) or explained away as exacerbating pre-existing underlying conditions. Eventually those with bad experiences give up on participating in discussions.

It does appear that Psilocybin has some therapeutic potential, but all of the good studies are performed in conjunction with professional-guided therapy sessions. DIY unguided experimentation is a different animal and shouldn't be confused with what's being reported in studies.


In performing due diligence, I discovered several of the stock exchange listed shroom startups are paying pump-n-dump “analysts” to promote psilocybin across speculator, investor, and general social media. Not coincidentally, their penny stocks valuations have seen a remarkable rise over the past couple of months. I expect that we’ll soon see the dump part of the pump.


I had no idea there were shroom startups, much less publicly traded ones.


Sadly, the pink sheets thrive on those kinds of "articles" about companies to 'pump' them up. Sure, some people will make money, but it's an absolute farce.


That sounds fascinating, would you be comfortable sharing a bit more detail?


"beware the selection bias in internet comment sections. Positive comments get upvoted and praised, negative experiences get dismissed with a mix of victim blaming (usually "set and setting" comments) or explained away as exacerbating pre-existing underlying conditions."

What you describe is pretty much the opposite of what this thread was like.

Negative comments (including your own) got upvoted, and there are hardly any positive comments in this thread at all.

Yes, there were some who talked of negative experiences being due to set and setting or exacerbating pre-existing underlying conditions, but plenty of other comments did not.

Which isn't to say that those explanations are wrong.

You say explaining negative experiences as being the result of set and setting is "victim blaming". Do you deny the enormous role that set and setting play in what experiences one has on psychedelics? If so, you're flying in the face of pretty much all research done on psychedelics for many decades -- which is huge amount of research, especially in the early years, before they were made illegal, and the more recent research supports it.

If you take psychedelics with the wrong set and setting you are pretty much guaranteeing you'll have a bad experience. That is as close to an incontrovertible fact as anything we know about psychedelics.

Educating people on the role of set and setting should be encouraged, because it can help lead to better outcomes. Trying to silence it by branding simple education "victim blaming" would just lead to more people having negative experiences due to ignorance, which we really don't need any more of.


Only speculating, but maybe it's because the legal status of psilocybin prevents all but the people who are most interested in it from taking it. If it were legally available then maybe more people that would use it casually would emerge than if it were illegal, and the number of negative experiences would increase. From what I understand, it's best to have a good mindset and have someone else knowledgeable of the substance to guide you through the process, otherwise it isn't as effective or harmful to the psyche.


Alternatively, maybe if it were legally available people who took it wouldn't have the stress of "what if the cops show up while we're tripping" hanging over them while they embarked on a drug experience that can magnify that sort of thing into a panic attack, and the rate of negative experiences would be lower.


Also of note is the microdose amount used in many studies is far below what you would take to "trip".


"Been seeing a lot of Psilocybin on the front of HN lately"

I suppose a combination of quarantine with cold and dark outside ... (in the northern hemisphere, where probably most of HN users come from)

And about trying it out:

Make sure about the right set and setting, though. You need to feel save in the place and stable in the mind. Horrortrips are not so pleaseant.

Ideally, have not anything scheduled the day(s) after, to have time to process it.


>...with cold and dark outside ...

At least where I live it's also the season where you can just go outside and harvest them.


Liberty caps, in Europe?


They are considered native to Europe and grow all over the continent.


Funnily enough, they are never mentioned in all ancient texts on medicinal herbs. Almost like they were kept a secret!


They grow wild in Iceland's capital for instance.


We also have them in the Pacific Northwest.


Unfortunately the upcoming legislation doesn't make psilocybin available to casually try out - it won't be available for over-the-counter purchase like marijuana/alcohol, but rather during therapy sessions with a therapist specifically licensed to administer psilocybin. Possession of small amounts of it have been "decriminalized" (you need to pay a fine or go to rehab, but you don't go to jail) along with cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, etc. but it still isn't fully legal to purchase and possess per se.


And starting today, there’s a ton of shroom advertising on Reddit.


I am sure other opinions will differ but if you feel generally secure with yourself and your life, I'd recommend enjoying it out in the woods. My friend has had some magical experiences with the sunset and the onset of the evening but it's not bad during the day, just less readily apparent visual effects, according to them.


Don't try it outside for the first time unless you've previously tripped. After which, yes. r/Outside trips can be so incredibly rewarding

If you are going to try it for the first time, and for most I feel you should at least consider it. Please first do it in the comfort of your own home before venturing to r/Outside.

This way if you're not familiar with the experience, and you get to a place of discomfort. You can sit yourself on your couch and watch mindless television while you revisit parts of your psych that you didn't know existed and slowly succumb to the fact, you are, actually an arsehole more often than you would like...

Source: I've tripped dozens and dozens of times over many, many years. And some times. You just get sad. And being cuddled up on the couch is of much greater comfort than a tent in the humid Australian bush when you wish you had a cold beer with air conditioning.


Does calling it r/Outside instead of just "outside" have any particular significance in the context of psychedelic substances? Just curious why you're using "r/Outside" specifically.


It's a reference to the forum r/Outside on reddit.com


Is that subreddit dedicated to psychedelics?


No, it's a satirical subreddit. Where they talk about the real world as if you are partaking in an RPG.


I can only offer an anecdote but it's fine outside your first time as long as you're comfortable with yourself and your life and setting.

I wouldn't do it around other people who aren't part of your adventure though.


I would only do psychedelics around people I trust completely.

Strangers and, as you say, people who just aren't in to it will just raise the likelihood of having a bummer.


How can one be an asshole much more than 'basically all the time'?


I would like to add that even if you "feel generally secure with yourself and your life", psilocybin could teach you otherwise.


Yes and it can confirm your feelings of security as well.


This article seems like wild speculation, while this team in Denmark says they've already done it: https://newatlas.com/science/psilocybin-synthesis-yeast-bact...

...using boring old yeast, not GMO kombucha!


Any yeast that produces psilocybin is GMO unless there is some yeast in nature that naturally produces it. The article you link uses GMO yeast


The article linked here is talking about using gene-editing to create a kombucha culture that can produce it too.


I exited out when the authors claimed that “kombucha provides good set and setting.”


This is a neat idea but I'm unclear on the status from the site -- is this just a neat idea or has this been borne out?


If it's possible, why would this work over opioids or cocaine or NMN or other billion $ ideas?

Has this sort of thing ever been done with anything outside of tight lab conditions?


I wonder if it is something that is borne out but because of the illegal nature of psilocybin it is shared as just an idea.


When are they going to genetically modify something (yeast, kombucha, etc.) to produce a more unanimously enjoyable psychedelic like MDMA? The inevitable unpleasant mushroom trips will really screw up any ratings system these guys employ.


Not sure that will ever be possible. Psychedelics opens you up, for better or worse, which is one of the main benefits of it. MDMA is a stimulant and empathogen leading to you just feeling better, almost no matter what circumstance.

They are different uses, but psychedelics will never be "unanimously enjoyable" as it depends too much on the person and how they feel as a person when they decide to trip.


Maybe because unlike MDMA, trying to find a death caused by the toxic effects of psilocybin is like looking for hens teeth:

https://thedea.org/mdma-risks-science-and-statistics-technic...


But like, how can you be sure whether you're dead?


I wonder how you measure the dosing. Mushrooms are pretty well established as far the amount needed for varying degrees of experiences.


There are scales but it’s not very scientific because the active ingredients concentration vary wildly between individual mushrooms. Trial and error I guess unless you’re in a lab setting with pure medical grade compounds so you know exactly how many mg you’re getting.


So where do I buy one?


For any first prospective first timers in the Bay Area reading this....

Nature is the way to go.

Oakland volcanic preserve. Go at 6am and hike to the top. You won’t be able to see anything because of the fog.

When the fog disappears and you see the world.... it’s like 4K oled meets virtual reality. Except the your peripheral bounds span beyond imax.

That + color. There are so many micro world vibes that will blow your mind. The different shades of green based on where you are the park will lead to different emotions.

Unforgettable.

For another trip; Berkeley’s botanical preserves (if you can get access) are a completely different vibe. As I’m sure you can imagine. Access can be a little tough.

Anyways, as one who always ‘yeah yeah yeah’d those who appreciated nature around me.

I finally learned to shut the fuck up and appreciate nature.


That's a lot of terrible, dangerous, potentially life threatening advice.

First time psychedelic use should be done in a safe, familiar, controlled environment with someone that can help if something go wrong.


I am afraid that a variance in both alcohol content and psilocybin produced by such symbiotic culture could mean that some users will get an unexpectedly huge dose of both.


I wonder how this will play with drug laws in various jurisdictions? AIUI, in some (most?) places the mushrooms themselves are banned, not the psilocybin compound itself.


In the US, it’s explicitly psilocybin (and maybe psilocin too) that is federally banned. This is why you can still legally buy spores of the mushrooms that contain it: the compound does not exist in the spores. This is almost certainly due to an oversight when the law was written.

Legality is weird. In the Netherlands, over 100 species of psilocybin-containing mushrooms were banned. But the law there bans only the fruiting bodies, it does not ban other parts of the organism. A few species form truffles—a sterile mycelia mass for energy storage, kind of like its version of a potato—that still contain psilocybin. Those can still be legally bought, probably because of a similar oversight in the law.


What is the advantage of Kombucha to just only modifying the yeast and culturing that? Is it because the Kombucha is more easy to culture?


Yes kombucha is extremely easy, and shrooms are pretty hard (the need for sterilization of equipment and timing things)


I doubt this product has a future. I imagine a typical psylocibin user to be anti-GMO.


Interesting. Not a single crunchy person in my psychonaut gang.


I don't think anti-GMO is really a thing anymore.


Then you probaly should change your bubble.

At least here in germany, there are lots of products proudly claiming to be GMO free.

(which they actually are not, as a certain percentage is allowed by law but to still have that label)


I should clarify: being vocally anti-GMO isn't really a movement anymore. That's not to say GMO-free products aren't ubiquitous.


I guess they kind of gave up on it as a coherent movement, but anti-GMO sentiment is still strong in germany thats why the (pseudo) GMO free labels.


You have a vivid imagination, that's for sure.


So who's actually going to make this happen ?


Sign me up.


God fucking dammit I really thought it was a working proof of concept... No, it's a bunch of trivial speculation


Cool! But even if it turns out to be practically possible, I wouldn't do it because I'm against GMO.


I hear this fairly often, but have never heard an argument against GMO that holds water. Do you have a rational reason for being against them?


Yes, I have explained in my other replies in the same thread.


Well I hope you don't get diabetes because that's how insulin is made. If you'd like to educate yourself: https://www.tga.gov.au/guidance-21-medicines-produced-geneti...


I won't get diabetes, because I don't eat shit food that the "scientists" want me to eat in the first place.


Diabetes is one of the oldest diseases described in written form (circa 1500 BCE in Egypt). Just how long have these "scientists" wanted us to eat "shit food"?


I hope you don't get Type 1 then...


Not going to get that either.


What do you eat then? Not being funny, but practically all food stuffs are GMO. Over centuries, farmers have selected the "best" crops (whether that be for hardiness, fast-growing, large fruit bearing, etc).


"Artificial selection" (which is just a terrible name for coevolution with humans) is different. It happens in a longer time period of time so the rest of the eco-system (including humans) gets to coevolve with it.

I know there is a lot of propaganda that goes into it, mostly to paint the opposition as uneducated irrational village idiots so you can dismiss anyone who brings this up... or you feel the urge to educate them about the basics, so let me frame it another way which may be easier to understand:

Are you familiar with the problem of invasive species (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasive_species)? It's when certain species of plants or animals are introduced into a different eco-system that hasn't evolved with that particular animal or plant... and the whole eco-system goes out of whack. All GMOs are potential invasive species to all eco-systems. This problem does not exist (or is negligible) with artificial selection.


Which GMO species are invasive? And how do you know which genetic coercion methods pose a greater danger of mutating a non-invasive species into an invasive one?


>Which GMO species are invasive?

Specifically - it is impossible to know until they play out in particular eco-systems, just like with any other species. There is a reason why many organizations worldwide are working to forbid transporting certain species in and out of different habitats.

Potentially - all of them.

>And how do you know which genetic coercion methods pose a greater danger of mutating a non-invasive species into an invasive one?

Most mutations are deadly to the organism... and even among those that are not, it is possible that something similar has happened before and the eco-system has dealt with it (by rendering the mutations harmful to the ecosystems ineffective)... and the range of what is produced, even with mutations is limited. Sometimes, the mutations are dangerous and effective... but they are much rarer to the point that we can ignore it. GMOs are combination of already "effective" traits by design a lot of these combinations would not have occurred before.

If taking a species to a different island where it is not native to is bad enough, creating specific ones which have never existed anywhere ever is a major ecological disaster waiting to happen. This should not even be a discussion... but it's a thing only because the organizations that are working to fix the problem of invasive species are not even close to powerful as those who want to push GMOs for profit... and therefore there is a lot of pro-GMO PR in the media.


> Potentially - all of them.

This would apply to artificial selection as well - perhaps even more so since you've no real control over what mutations are happening. Every new evolutionary competition edge a species receives is followed by an "invasion" phase where their newfound superpower allows them to take over for a few hundred thousand generations.

> If taking a species to a different island where it is not native to is bad enough, creating specific ones which have never existed anywhere ever is a major ecological disaster waiting to happen. This should not even be a discussion...

Actually, it should be a discussion, because the above argument is a false analogy. Invasive species are problematic because the surrounding ecosystem cannot curb their spread and out-competition of preexisting species. Modern crops don't have the capability of surviving outside of a human cultivated environment. Left to their own, they'd be choked out by weeds and changing soil conditions. Now if someone were to attempt to make a weed-proof AND bug-proof crop that can ALSO survive and thrive in non-cultivated terrain, THEN I'd be worried.


"Now if someone were to attempt to make a weed-proof AND bug-proof crop that can ALSO survive and thrive in non-cultivated terrain, THEN I'd be worried"

Me too, but most industrial farmers would probably celebrate.

But I doubt this can happen any time soon. Ecology is complex.


We are way, way past the point where anything that you're talking about has any relevance to the real world. How would you feed 10 billion people without these tools and GMOs? Are there any alternatives?

We can feel cool and eat grass-finished beef or whatever we fancy, but the reality is we can't feed the whole planet on it.




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